Results 231 to 240 of about 5,154 (256)
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The computation of approximate competitive equilibrium is PPAD-hard
Information Processing Letters, 2008Arrow and Debreu showed in 1954 that, under mild conditions, a competitive economy always has an equilibrium. In this paper, we show that, given a competitive economy that fully respects all the conditions of Arrow-Debreu's existence theorem, for any positive constant h>0, it is PPAD-hard to compute a 1n^h-approximate competitive equilibrium.
Ye Du, Xiaotie Deng
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American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 2006
Injection into the arterial supply of skeletal muscle of pyridoxal phosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid (PPADS), a P2 receptor antagonist, has been shown previously to attenuate the reflex pressor responses to both static contraction and to tendon
Angela E. Kindig +3 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Injection into the arterial supply of skeletal muscle of pyridoxal phosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid (PPADS), a P2 receptor antagonist, has been shown previously to attenuate the reflex pressor responses to both static contraction and to tendon
Angela E. Kindig +3 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Journal of Neurophysiology, 2000
The antagonist pyridoxal-phosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid (PPADS) has been proposed to selectively antagonize the actions of ATP at P2X receptors. Whole cell patch-clamp recording techniques therefore were used to characterize PPADS inhibition
C. Li
semanticscholar +1 more source
The antagonist pyridoxal-phosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid (PPADS) has been proposed to selectively antagonize the actions of ATP at P2X receptors. Whole cell patch-clamp recording techniques therefore were used to characterize PPADS inhibition
C. Li
semanticscholar +1 more source
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC, 1998
P2Y1 receptor-like responses were analyzed in rat ileal myocytes and in rat brain capillary endothelial cells. In endothelial cells, pyridoxal phosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'disulfonic acid (PPADS) inhibits ADP induced intracellular Ca2+ transients with a ...
P. Vigne +4 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
P2Y1 receptor-like responses were analyzed in rat ileal myocytes and in rat brain capillary endothelial cells. In endothelial cells, pyridoxal phosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'disulfonic acid (PPADS) inhibits ADP induced intracellular Ca2+ transients with a ...
P. Vigne +4 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
P2 receptor antagonist PPADS confers neuroprotection against glutamate/NMDA toxicity
Neuroscience Letters, 2005The present study investigated the role of pyridoxal phosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid tetrasodium salt (PPADS), a P2 receptor antagonist, in protecting mouse cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) against glutamate/NMDA-induced neuronal death. Neurotoxicity caused by 50 microM glutamate or 200 microM NMDA was significantly reduced in CGNs treated
Yanpeng Lin +3 more
semanticscholar +5 more sources
An interaction between PPADS, an ATP antagonist, and a moderately intense sound in the cochlea
Hearing Research, 1999In the organ of Corti ionotropic receptors for ATP (ATPRs) on cells that are bathed by perilymph have been suggested to modulate cochlear mechanics. The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that endogenous extracellular ATP acting through ATPRs is involved in modulating cochlear mechanics during moderately intense sound exposure ...
Christopher LeBlanc, R. Bobbin
semanticscholar +4 more sources
Constant Rank Two-Player Games are PPAD-hard
SIAM Journal on Computing, 2018Finding a Nash equilibrium in a two-player normal form game (2-Nash) is one of the most extensively studied problems within mathematical economics as well as theoretical computer science.
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A position sensitive parallel plate avalanche detector (PPAD) for fission fragments
Nuclear Instruments and Methods, 1978Abstract A position sensitive parallel plate detector has been developed and tested with a 252 Cf source as well as with in-beam experiments. The detector has a time resolution τ = 250 ps, an energy-loss resolution δ ΔE / ΔE ∼ 15% and a position sensitivity Δx ν > 30 kHz) and high integral doses of fission fragments ( N > 5 × 10 9 ...
M. Just, V. Metag, D. Habs, H. J. Specht
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Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, 2002
The action of the putative P2Y1-receptor antagonist pyridoxalphosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulphonic acid (PPADS) was studied in guinea pig aorta for potential use in the differentiation between P2Y1 and P2Y2 purine receptors. Concentration-effect curves
Payne Sj +3 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
The action of the putative P2Y1-receptor antagonist pyridoxalphosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulphonic acid (PPADS) was studied in guinea pig aorta for potential use in the differentiation between P2Y1 and P2Y2 purine receptors. Concentration-effect curves
Payne Sj +3 more
semanticscholar +1 more source