Results 241 to 250 of about 2,567,574 (274)
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Cortical miscommunication after prenatal exposure to alcohol
Experimental Brain Research, 2016We report on the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on resting-state brain activity as measured by magnetoencephalography (MEG). We studied 37 subjects diagnosed with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder in one of three categories: fetal alcohol syndrome, partial fetal alcohol syndrome, and alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder.
Scott M, Lewis +3 more
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Animal Models of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure
This chapter provides an introduction and overview of animal models that have been used to investigate the teratogenic effects of alcohol. Since the first model was developed in 1899, prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) has been studied in species ranging from invertebrates to primates.Hannah M O, Reid +3 more
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Infant Stress Reactivity and Prenatal Alcohol Exposure
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 2006Background: Animal studies have shown that prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is linked to alterations in the stress response systems. To date, little is known about the impact of PAE on stress systems in human infants. The current study examined PAE effects on the stress response, as evidenced by the activation of the limbic–hypothalamic–pituitary ...
David W, Haley +2 more
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Prenatal Exposure to Low Alcohol and Alcohol Motivation in the Offspring
Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE), even at low doses, has been linked to long-term alterations in alcohol-related behaviors, particularly increased alcohol consumption and preference in offspring. This chapter examines how low-dose PAE affects the motivational effects of alcohol, potentially influencing the balance between its rewarding and aversive ...Ricardo M, Pautassi +2 more
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The effect of prenatal alcohol exposure on attention in the rat
Neurotoxicology and Teratology, 1992The effect of prenatal exposure to alcohol on the development of basal heart rate and on the elicitation and habituation of the heart rate orienting response was examined in three experiments with rats. In all experiments, Etoh dams consumed large, daily amounts of alcohol and their weight gain during pregnancy was less than that of ad lib or pairfed ...
H, Hayne, M, Hess, B A, Campbell
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The effects of prenatal alcohol exposure.
Alcohol health and research world, 2005Exposure to alcohol during gestation can cause persistent abnormalities in physical and cognitive development. Children who meet the clinical definition of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) are small for their age, exhibit characteristic facial anomalies, and demonstrate deficits in central nervous system development.
C, Larkby, N, Day
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Prenatal alcohol exposure and long-term developmental consequences
The Lancet, 1993Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a leading cause of congenital mental retardation but little is known about the long-term development and adolescent outcome of children with FAS. In a 10-year follow-up study of 60 patients diagnosed as having FAS in infancy and childhood, we investigated the long-term sequelae of intrauterine alcohol exposure.
Spohr, H. L. +2 more
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Impact of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on the Newborn and the Child
Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1993Maternal use of alcohol during gestation is associated with FAS and less severe problems in exposed children, such as FAE and ARBD. This article reviewed the literature concerning the status of affected and exposed neonates and the available information on the developmental course of infants and children.
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The biochemistry of prenatal alcohol exposure
2010In this contribution we review the biochemical pathways of ethanol and its metabolites in humans in the context of pregnancy. Special emphasis is devoted to the implications for fetal and neonatal development. The review covers primary direct effects of ethanol as well as downstream effector pathways involving modulation of receptor and hormonal ...
van Faassen, E.E.H., Niemelä, O.
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Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Mitochondrial Function in the Brain
Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is recognized as a leading preventable cause of birth defects, giving rise to a continuum of cognitive, behavioral, and physical impairments collectively referred to as Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD). While PAE affects multiple developing organ systems, the fetal brain is particularly vulnerable, exhibiting ...Rika, Morales +2 more
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