Results 51 to 60 of about 4,675,098 (246)

Lack of Dosage Compensation Accompanies the Arrested Stage of Sex Chromosome Evolution in Ostriches

, 2013
Sex chromosome evolution is usually seen as a process that, once initiated, will inevitably progress toward an advanced stage of degeneration of the nonrecombining chromosome.
Adolfsson, Sofia,, Ellegren, Hans,
core   +1 more source

Microbiome‐blood–brain barrier interactions in aging — mechanisms and therapeutic potential

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Aging reshapes the gut microbiome (↓SCFA‐producing commensals; ↑pro‐inflammatory outputs), shifting circulating metabolites (↓SCFAs; ↑LPS, ↑TMAO, ↑PAA) that act at the BBB to increase nonspecific transcytosis, alter transport, and promote astrocyte reactivity, heightening brain vulnerability.
Daniel Cuervo‐Zanatta, Hari Baskar Balasubramanian, Amir Pasokh, Marietta Zille   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Sex Chromosomes: Evolution of the Weird and Wonderful [PDF]

Current Biology, 2005
New findings in the platypus and Drosophila pseudoobscura illustrate, yet again, that the sex chromosomes seem never to stop evolving. Degeneration processes lead to a continual loss of genes and gene activity on the Y chromosome, and complete loss of Y-linked genes is possible if autosomal genes take over control of male fertility - though addition of
Charlesworth, Deborah, Charlesworth, Brian   +1 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Tumour–host interactions in Drosophila: mechanisms in the tumour micro‐ and macroenvironment

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
This review examines how tumour–host crosstalk takes place at multiple levels of biological organisation, from local cell competition and immune crosstalk to organism‐wide metabolic and physiological collapse. Here, we integrate findings from Drosophila melanogaster studies that reveal conserved mechanisms through which tumours hijack host systems to ...
José Teles‐Reis, Tor Erik Rusten
wiley   +1 more source

Rapid chromosome evolution and acquisition of thermosensitive stochastic sex determination in nematode androdioecious hermaphrodites

Nature Communications
The factors contributing to evolution of androdioecy, the coexistence of hermaphrodites and males such as in Caenorhabditis elegans, remains poorly known.
Kohta Yoshida, Hanh Witte, Ryo Hatashima, Simo Sun, Taisei Kikuchi, Waltraud Röseler, Ralf J. Sommer   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

Patterns of molecular evolution of an avian neo-sex chromosome

, 2012
Newer parts of sex chromosomes, neo-sex chromosomes, offer unique possibilities for studying gene degeneration and sequence evolution in response to loss of recombination and population size decrease.
Bensch, Staffan,, Pala, Irene,, Hasselquist, Dennis,, Lund University., Hansson, Bengt,   +4 more
core   +2 more sources

Intrapatient tumour heterogeneity and clonal evolution in an autopsy study of metastatic salivary gland cancer

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
Tumour heterogeneity and clonal evolution of metastatic salivary gland cancer were evaluated in two patients with adenoid carcinoma and one patient with myoepithelial carcinoma. Radiology‐guided autopsy enabled multi‐region sampling (total samples n = 149), followed by whole‐genome sequencing and phylogenetic reconstruction (17 tumour samples, 4–7 per ...
Gerben Lassche, Niels J. van Ruitenbeek, Charlotte Adang, Luke O'Gorman, Pui Yuen Lee, Willemijn M. Klein, Adriana C. H. van Engen‐van Grunsven, Jack A. Schalken, Sander Bervoets, Gerald W. Verhaegh, Carla M. L. van Herpen   +10 more
wiley   +1 more source

Reconstructing the Evolution of Vertebrate Sex Chromosomes [PDF]

Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, 2009
Sex chromosomes and their evolution have captivated researchers since their discovery. For more than 100 years, the dominant model of sex chromosome evolution has held that differentiated sex chromosomes, such as the X and Y chromosomes of mammals or the Z and W chromosomes of birds, evolved from ordinary autosomes, primarily through the degeneration ...
Bellott, Daniel W., Page, David C
openaire   +4 more sources

Positive selection underlies Faster-Z evolution of gene expression in birds. [PDF]

, 2015
The elevated rate of evolution for genes on sex chromosomes compared to autosomes (Fast-X or Fast-Z evolution) can result either from positive selection in the heterogametic sex, or from non-adaptive consequences of reduced relative effective population ...
Zimmer, F, Mank, JE, Wright, AE, Dean, R, Harrison, PW   +4 more
core  

Sex Chromosome Turnover in Moths of the Diverse Superfamily Gelechioidea [PDF]

, 2019
Sex chromosomes play a central role in genetics of speciation and their turnover was suggested to promote divergence. In vertebrates, sex chromosome–autosome fusions resulting in neo-sex chromosomes occur frequently in male heterogametic taxa (XX/XY ...
Nguyen, Petr, Lopez, S. N., Aratchige, N. S., Lopez, Silvia Noemi, Aratchige, Nayanie S., Bass, C., Paladino, L. Z. C., Berger, M., Marec, Frantisek, Provaznıkova, Irena, Marec, F., Nguyen, P., Carabajal Paladino, Leonela Z., Bass, Chris, Provaznikova, I., Berger, Madeleine   +15 more
core   +1 more source