Results 81 to 90 of about 17,651 (246)

Women in space: A review of known physiological adaptations and health perspectives

Experimental Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract Exposure to the spaceflight environment causes adaptations in most human physiological systems, many of which are thought to affect women differently from men. Since only 11.5% of astronauts worldwide have been female, these issues are largely understudied.
Millie Hughes‐Fulford, Danielle J. Carroll, Heather C. M. Allaway, Bonnie J. Dunbar, Aenor J. Sawyer   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Simulated Microgravity Causes Faster Replication During Acute Infection of ME49‐Toxoplasma Gondii and Alterations in Host Cells

FASEB BioAdvances
Spaceflight is important to explore the universe. However, astronauts face many health challenges in space including the increased risk of infection.
Musfika Tasnim Shirin, Takafumi Yamada, Iqra Zafar, Daisuke Kondoh, Hiroki Bochimoto, Hironori Bando, Oluyomi Stephen Adeyemi, Yasuhiro Fukuda, Kentaro Kato   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source

An eye on long‐duration spaceflight: Controversies, countermeasures and challenges

Experimental Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract Space flight‐associated neuroocular syndrome (SANS) is a consequence of long‐duration space flight and is detected in two‐thirds of astronauts. In‐flight, this can cause a change in the refraction of the eyes, requiring graded hypermetropic ‘superfocus adjustable’ glasses, optic nerve head oedema and choroidal folds.
Vincent Wing Sum Ng, Susan Patricia Mollan   +1 more
wiley   +1 more source

Spaceflight and sport science: Physiological monitoring and countermeasures for the astronaut–athlete on Mars exploration missions

Experimental Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract Long‐duration spaceflight impacts essentially every system in the human body, resulting in multisystem deconditioning that might impair the health and performance of crewmembers, particularly on long‐duration exploration missions to Mars. In this review, we apply the sport science model of athlete monitoring, testing and training to astronauts;
Luke DeVirgiliis, Nicholas J. Goode, Kurt W. McDowell, Kirk L. English, Robert Novo, Virina Botros, Ginika Agwu, Jessica M. Scott, Lori L. Ploutz‐Snyder   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio: A Biomarker to Monitor the Immune Status of Astronauts

Frontiers in Immunology, 2020
A comprehensive understanding of spaceflight factors involved in immune dysfunction and the evaluation of biomarkers to assess in-flight astronaut health are essential goals for NASA.
Amber M. Paul, Amber M. Paul, Siddhita D. Mhatre, Siddhita D. Mhatre, Siddhita D. Mhatre, Egle Cekanaviciute, Ann-Sofie Schreurs, Candice G. T. Tahimic, Candice G. T. Tahimic, Candice G. T. Tahimic, Ruth K. Globus, Sulekha Anand, Brian E. Crucian, Sharmila Bhattacharya   +13 more
doaj   +1 more source

Confined spaces in space: Cerebral implications of chronic elevations of inspired carbon dioxide and implications for long‐duration space travel

Experimental Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract Cerebrovascular regulation is critically dependent upon the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2${P_{{\mathrm{aC}}{{\mathrm{O}}_{\mathrm{2}}}}}$), owing to its effect on cerebral blood flow, tissue PCO2${P_{{\mathrm{C}}{{\mathrm{O}}_{\mathrm{2}}}}}$, tissue proton concentration, cerebral metabolism and cognitive and neuronal ...
Jay M. J. R. Carr, Philip N. Ainslie, Trevor Day   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

50% body weight loading reduces stature increases and lumbar disc expansion from 4 h hyper‐buoyancy floatation versus 15 min sitting upright

Experimental Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract Microgravity is associated with stature increases, back pain and post‐flight intervertebral disc (IVD) herniation. This study aims to determine whether 30 s seated 50% body weight (BW) axial loading is comparable to 15 min sitting upright in 1 g upon changes in stature, anterior lumbar IVD height (via ultrasound), passive vertebral stiffness ...
David Marcos‐Lorenzo, Christina Lysandrou, Laura Sudres, Alfonso Gil‐Martinez, Jaap Swanenburg, James Edward Clark, David Andrew Green   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Effects of the angle of head‐down tilt on dynamic cerebral autoregulation during combined exposure to cephalad fluid shift and mild hypercapnia

Experimental Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract Astronauts experience combined exposure to a cephalad fluid shift and mild hypercapnia during space missions, potentially contributing to health problems. Such combined exposure may weaken dynamic cerebral autoregulation. The magnitude of cephalad fluid shift varies between individuals, and dynamic cerebral autoregulation may be affected more ...
Tomokazu Kato, Yojiro Ogawa, Ken‐ichi Iwasaki   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

The role and mechanism of ARRB1 in simulated space radiation and microgravity-induced lung carcinogenesis

npj Microgravity
Microgravity can exacerbate radiation-induced DNA damage response, suggesting that microgravity may increase the risk of tumor initiation and development. However, the specific mechanism is still unclear.
Ying Xu, Yunan Ding, Weiwei Pei, Miaomiao Zhang, Xiaofei Wang, Qi Zeng, Tom K. Hei, Wentao Hu, Guangming Zhou   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source

Microgravity Modulates Effects of Chemotherapeutic Drugs on Cancer Cell Migration

Life, 2020
Microgravity or the condition of apparent weightlessness causes bone, muscular and immune system dysfunctions in astronauts following spaceflights. These organ and system-level dysfunctions correlate with changes induced at the single cell level both by ...
Devika Prasanth, Sindhuja Suresh, Sruti Prathivadhi-Bhayankaram, Michael Mimlitz, Noah Zetocha, Bong Lee, Andrew Ekpenyong   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source