Results 51 to 60 of about 1,774 (287)

The heliospheric modulation of cosmic ray boron and carbon [PDF]

Annales Geophysicae, 2004
The observed boron to carbon ratio (B/C) at Earth provides a good measure of the overall secondary to primary ratio of galactic cosmic rays. This makes B/C an important constraint and test for the validity and general applicability of theoretical and ...
M. S. Potgieter, U. W. Langner
doaj   +1 more source

The electron distribution function downstream of the solar-wind termination shock: Where are the hot electrons? [PDF]

, 2015
In the majority of the literature on plasma shock waves, electrons play the role of “ghost particles”, since their contribution to mass and momentum flows is negligible, and they have been treated as only taking care of the electric plasma neutrality. In
Daniel Verscharen, Richardson, JD, Verscharen, D, John D. Richardson, Fahr, HJ, Hans J. Fahr   +5 more
core   +1 more source

Droplet Electricity Generators With Maximized Energy Collection Zone Enabled by Aloe‐Inspired Midrib and Cuticle

Advanced Materials, EarlyView.
An Aloe‐pinspired droplet electricity generator (A‐DEG) overcomes the limited energy collection zone of conventional DEGs by guiding impact droplets through a channeling midrib and artificial cuticle. The channeling midrib induces uni‐directional droplet spreading, while the artificial cuticle on the midrib further reinforces this behavior through its ...
Gibeom Lee, Eunbyeol Kim, Kyongtae Choi, Minjun Song, Sunmin Jang, Dongwhi Choi, Donghyun Seo, Min‐Gyu Lee, Younghoon Lee   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

On the Anisotropic Velocity Distribution of Newborn Pickup Ions in the Heliosheath

The Astrophysical Journal Letters
The evolution of the velocity distribution of pickup ions is crucial for understanding the energetic neutral atom (ENA) fluxes observed by Interstellar Boundary Explorer.
Senbei Du, Merav Opher, Marc Kornbleuth
doaj   +1 more source

Phase Engineering of Nanomaterials (PEN): Evolution, Current Challenges, and Future Opportunities

Advanced Materials, EarlyView.
This review summarizes the synthesis, phase transition, advanced characterization spanning ex situ to in situ and operando techniques, and diverse applications of phase engineering of nanomaterials (PEN). It further outlines key challenges and future opportunities, such as phase stability, architecture control, and artificial intelligence (AI)‐driven ...
Ye Chen, Zhanxi Fan, Jingjie Ge, Qiyuan He, Zhuangchai Lai, Jiawei Liu, Chaoliang Tan, Hua Zhang   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

PUI Heating in the Supersonic Solar Wind

The Astrophysical Journal
The outer heliosphere is profoundly influenced by nonthermal energetic pickup ions (PUIs), which dominate the internal pressure of the solar wind beyond ~10 au, surpassing both solar wind and magnetic pressures.
Parisa Mostafavi, Laxman Adhikari, Bishwas L. Shrestha, Gary P. Zank, Merav Opher, Matthew E. Hill, Heather A. Elliott, Pontus C. Brandt, Ralph L. McNutt, David J. McComas, Andrew R. Poppe, Elena Provornikova, Romina Nikoukar, Peter Kollmann, S. Alan Stern, Kelsi N. Singer, Anne Verbiscer, Joel Parker   +17 more
doaj   +1 more source

Voyager observations of the interaction of the heliosphere with the interstellar medium

Journal of Advanced Research, 2013
This paper provides a brief review and update on the Voyager observations of the interaction of the heliosphere with the interstellar medium. Voyager has found many surprises: (1) a new energetic particle component which is accelerated at the termination
John D. Richardson
doaj   +1 more source

Supersonic solar wind ion flows downstream of the termination shock explained by a two-fluid shock model

, 2008
In the view of classic magnetohydrodynamics, it is generally expected that at a shock the supersonic upstream flow is converted into the subsonic downstream flow whereby the increased entropy appears in the increased downstream temperature.
H. J. Fahr, S. V. Chalov
core   +1 more source

Advancing Lithium–Oxygen Batteries: Pioneering Cathode Catalyst Innovation and Artificial Intelligence‐Driven Design Paradigms

Advanced Materials, EarlyView.
This review summarizes the principles and challenges of nonaqueous lithium‐oxygen batteries and recent advances in cathode catalysts, including carbon‐based materials, metals, oxides, sulfides, nitrides, carbides, and redox mediators. It highlights emerging design strategies and artificial intelligence‐driven approaches, emphasizing data‐assisted ...
Yuqing Yao, Chongyang Hao, Karol Viviana Mejia‐Centeno, Malik Dilshad Khan, Shang Wang, Longqiu Li, Yanhong Tian, Andreu Cabot, Qing Sun   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

Transducers Across Scales and Frequencies: A System‐Level Framework for Multiphysics Integration and Co‐Design

Advanced Materials Technologies, EarlyView.
Transducers convert physical signals into electrical and optical representations, yet each mechanism is bounded by intrinsic trade‐offs across bandwidth, sensitivity, speed, and energy. This review maps transduction mechanisms across physical scale and frequency, showing how heterogeneous integration and multiphysics co‐design transform isolated ...
Aolei Xu, Mengyao Xiao, Zhouli Sui, Yinpeng Wang, Daoye Zheng, Yuxin Liu, Luwei Wang, Huajun Liu, Chengkuo Lee   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source