Results 281 to 290 of about 30,348 (310)

Sarin and Soman: Structure and Properties [PDF]

Structural Chemistry, 2004
The most stable conformers of sarin (isopropyl methylphosphonoflouridate) and soman (pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate) are determined in high-level-correlated calculations with extended Gaussian basis sets. The two molecules are found to have three low-energy conformers each.
Leonid Gorb, Andrzej J. Sadlej, Andrzej J. Sadlej, Jerzy Leszczynski, Anna Kaczmarek, Anna Kaczmarek   +5 more
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Naked DNA prevents soman intoxication

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2005
Paraoxonase (Q isoenzyme, PON1) can effectively hydrolyze chlorpyrifos-oxon (CPO), soman, sarin, and other organophosphates. Previous studies had indicated that the levels of serum PON1 in gene therapy with adenoviral vector could decrease the toxicity of CPO.
Yu Xia Wang, Ai Ling Fu, Man Ji Sun
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Rotational spectra of the diastereomers of Soman

Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy, 2004
Abstract The pure rotational spectrum of the nerve agent Soman has been recorded using a pulsed-molecular-beam Fourier-transform microwave spectrometer. The spectrum consists of transitions from two different isomers. The two distinguishable isomers are likely the [SS] (or [RR]) and the [RS] (or [SR]) diastereomers that result from the two chiral ...
David F. Plusquellic, A. R. Hight Walker, Ryan S. DaBell, Alan C. Samuels, M W. Ellzy, James O. Jensen, L. Cash, Richard D. Suenram, J M. Lochner, R. J. Lavrich   +9 more
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Soman-induced convulsions: The neuropathology revisited

Toxicology, 2005
The organophosphorus compound soman, an irreversible inhibitor of cholinesterases, produces seizure activity and related brain damage. Studies using various biochemical markers of programmed cell death (PCD) suggested that soman-induced cell damage in the brain was apoptotic rather than necrotic.
Elise Four, Guy Lallement, Guy Brochier, Jean-Marc Verna, Frédéric Dorandeu, Valérie Baille, Pierre Carpentier, Peter G.H. Clarke   +7 more
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Soman Intoxication and the Blood-Brain Barrier

Toxicological Sciences, 1985
Brain capillaries (microvessels) were isolated from rabbit brain. Morphological characterization revealed relatively pure fractions of microvessels consisting of the capillary endothelium, the basal membrane, and the pericyte. These fractions of brain capillaries show acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity, but lack catechol-O-
Åke Sellström, Britt Karlsson, Göran Algers   +2 more
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The Treatment of Soman Poisoning and its Perspectives

Toxicological Sciences, 1981
Soman is a highly toxic organophosphorus chemical warfare nerve agent which is characterized by (1) extremely rapid ageing of the phosphonylated enzyme, (2) poor reactivation of inhibited AChE due to a steric factor, (3) pronounced CNS effects, and (4) tentative direct toxic biochemical effects.
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Inhalation Toxicokinetics of Soman Stereoisomers in the Atropinized Guinea Pig with Nose-Only Exposure to Soman Vapor

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 1998
The toxicokinetics of the four stereoisomers of the nerve agent C(+/-)P(+/-)-soman were studied in anesthetized, atropinized guinea pigs for nose-only exposure to soman vapor. During exposure the respiratory minute volume (RMV) and respiratory frequency (RF) were monitored.
Langenberg, J.P., Spruit, W.E.T., Wiel, H.J. van der, Trap, H.C., Helmich, R.B., Bergers, W.W.A., Helden, H.P.M. van, Benschop, H.P.   +7 more
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Effects of soman on neuroendocrine and immune function

Neurotoxicology and Teratology, 1991
We have previously reported that plasma growth hormone (GH) and prolactin levels were markedly decreased in rats two weeks following a single dose (100 micrograms/kg, SC) of soman. We have now conducted additional experiments to attempt to determine whether neuroendocrine responses to physiological or pharmacological challenge are altered in rat ...
Henry G. Fein, Tsung Ming Shih, Edward W. Bernton, G.Jean Kant, Edward H. Mougey, Robert C. Smallridge   +5 more
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Search for a therapy against soman-intoxication

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 1994
This mini-review mainly describes a part of the pharmacological research carried out in our laboratory during the past decades, aimed at finding a therapy against intoxication by cholinesterase-inhibiting organophosphates, in particular against the nerve agent soman. In particular soman, because this is one of the nerve agents that consistently appears
D. M. G. De Groot, O. L. Wolthuis, B.P.C. Melchers, R.W. Busker, H.P.M. van Helden   +4 more
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Pharmacological modulation of soman-induced seizures

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 1993
Anticholinergics, benzodiazepines and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists have been shown to modulate the expression of nerve agent-induced seizures. This study examined whether the anticonvulsant actions of these drugs varied depending on the duration of prior seizure activity. Rats implanted with electrodes to record electroencephalographic (EEG)
John H. McDonough, Tsung-Ming Shih
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