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What is value – accumulated reward or evidence?
Frontiers in Neurorobotics, 2012 Why are you reading this abstract? In some sense, your answer will cast the exercise as valuable – but what is value? In what follows, we suggest that value is evidence or, more exactly, log Bayesian evidence.
Karl eFriston +2 more
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Surprise Acts as a Reducer of Outcome Value in Human Reinforcement Learning
Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2020 Surprise occurs because of differences between a decision outcome and its predicted outcome (prediction error), regardless of whether the error is positive or negative.
Motofumi Sumiya +2 more
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Resilience: Accounting for the Noncomputable
Ecology and Society, 2009 Plans to solve complex environmental problems should always consider the role of surprise. Nevertheless, there is a tendency to emphasize known computable aspects of a problem while neglecting aspects that are unknown and failing to ask questions about ...
Stephen R. Carpenter +3 more
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Behavioral Sciences, 2022 The frog-in-the-pan (FIP) phenomenon suggests that investors are more sensitive to abrupt price changes than gradual price changes in the stock market. Based on the cognitive-evolutionary model of surprise and the reinforcement learning model, this paper
Dapeng Liang +4 more
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Electrophysiological indicators of surprise and entropy in dynamic task-switching environments
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2013 This event-related brain potential (ERP) study aimed at bridging two hitherto widely separated domains of cognitive neuroscience. Specifically, we combined the analysis of cognitive control in a cued task-switching paradigm with the fundamental question ...
Bruno eKopp, Florian eLange
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Detecting Core-Periphery Structures by Surprise [PDF]
, 2019 Detecting the presence of mesoscale structures in complex networks is of primary importance. This is especially true for financial networks, whose structural organization deeply affects their resilience to events like default cascades, shocks propagation,
Caldarelli, Guido +2 more
core +2 more sources
The Narrative Affordances and Limitations of Internal Focalization for Creating Suspense and Surprise in Persian Detective Novels, A Case Study: Esmail Fassih’s the Falcon and the Owls [PDF]
Iranian Journal of Applied Language Studies, 2022 Various types of focalization are important elements in creating suspense and surprise. This study finds use of narrative discourse analysis in order to discover the narrative affordances and limitations of internal focalization for creating suspense and
Reza Nekoei +2 more
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Branes: cosmological surprise and observational deception [PDF]
, 2006 Using some supernovae and CMB data, we constrain the Cardassian, Randall-Sundrum, and Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati brane-inspired cosmological models. We show that a transient acceleration and an early loitering period are usually excluded by the data ...
Alcaniz +17 more
core +3 more sources
Pupil dilation signals uncertainty and surprise in a learning gambling task
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 2014 Pupil dilation under constant illumination is a physiological marker which modulation is related to several cognitive functions involved in daily decision making.
Claudio eLavin +6 more
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Frontiers in Psychology, 2016 When performing sequential manual actions (e.g., cooking), visual information is prioritized according to the task determining where and when to attend, look, and act.
Rebecca Martina Foerster
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