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Clinical trials of targeted toxins

Seminars in Cancer Biology, 1995
Immunotoxins (monoclonal antibodies chemically coupled to peptide toxins) and fusion toxins (peptide ligands fused genetically to peptide toxins) have been used to treat a variety of malignancies over the last 20 years. Problems with normal tissue toxicities (vascular leak syndrome, hepatotoxicity, and neurotoxicities), poor penetration to tumor ...
A E, Frankel   +2 more
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Peptide Toxins Targeting KV Channels

2021
A number of peptide toxins isolated from animals target potassium ion (K+) channels. Many of them are particularly known to inhibit voltage-gated K+ (KV) channels and are mainly classified into pore-blocking toxins or gating-modifier toxins. Pore-blocking toxins directly bind to the ion permeation pores of KV channels, thereby physically occluding them.
Kazuki, Matsumura   +2 more
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Targeted Toxin Therapy for the Treatment of Cancer

JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 1989
Protein toxins such as Pseudomonas exotoxin, diphtheria toxin, and ricin may be useful in cancer therapy because they are among the most potent cell-killing agents. One molecule of a toxin delivered to the cytoplasm of a cancer cell will be lethal for that cell.
D, FitzGerald, I, Pastan
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Targeted toxins as anticancer agents

Cancer, 1994
Transformed cells, such as those found in breast cancer, often overexpress a variety of cell surface receptors and antigens. Antibodies or growth factors that specifically recognize these membrane-bound structures can be linked with protein toxins, resulting in cell-specific cytotoxic reagents.
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Targeting toxins to neural antigens and receptors

Seminars in Cancer Biology, 1996
Immunotoxins have been used to study the targeting of biologically active substances at neurons in vivo and to make experimental neural lesions. OX7-saporin, directed against Thy 1, destroys any neuron. 192 IgG-saporin, directed against the 'low affinity' neurotrophin receptor (p 75NTR), selectively destroys neurons expressing this receptor ...
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Targeted toxins.

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2000
Targeted toxins, consisting of tumor-selective ligands coupled to polypeptide toxins, represent a new class of cancer therapeutics that kills malignant cells by inactivating cytosolic protein synthesis and inducing apoptosis. A number of these molecules have been produced under good manufacturing practice conditions and given systemically to patients ...
A E, Frankel   +2 more
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Target: toxin removal

Environmental Science & Technology, 1978
A survey of methods to remove toxins from water covers various types of toxins including cyanides, aromatic hydrocarbons, ammonia, phenol, chlorinated hydrocarbons, and others; ion exchange processes; membrane processes including reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration; adsorption on activated carbon; adsorption on polymers such as styrene-divinylbenzene ...
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Blood cells as targets of snake toxins

Blood Cells, Molecules, and Diseases, 2006
Snake venoms are mixtures of enzymes and peptides which exert toxicological effects by targeting their substrates or receptors upon envenomation. Snake venom proteins widely affect vascular system including circulating blood cells, coagulation factors, and vascular wall components. Many of the toxic proteins have multiple targets.
Xiao-Yan, Du   +3 more
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Targeted Toxin Therapy for Malignant Astrocytoma

Neurosurgery, 2000
The poor prognosis associated with malignant astrocytoma has led investigators to seek new, innovative methods of treatment. Targeted toxins represent a unique form of therapy that has two components, a carrier molecule with high specificity for tumor-associated antigens and a potent protein toxin.
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Three steps to targeting anthrax toxin

Trends in Molecular Medicine, 2002
Anthrax toxin is responsible for the severe symptoms and death associated with inhalational anthrax (Fig. 1Fig. 1). Inhaled Bacillus anthracis spores are phagocytosed by macrophages, transported to the lymph nodes where germination occurs up to 60days later, and the new vegetative bacteria produce the toxin.
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