Results 31 to 40 of about 157 (124)

The Debt‐Equity Spread

The Journal of Finance, Volume 81, Issue 4, Page 2005-2062, August 2026.
ABSTRACT We propose a measure of the valuation gap between debt and equity—debt‐equity spread (DES)—based on the difference between actual and equity‐implied credit spreads. DES predicts cross‐sectional stock and bond returns in opposite directions.
HUI CHEN, ZHIYAO CHEN, JUN LI
wiley   +1 more source

Revising the Magnitude and Trends of the Global Methane Soil Sink With Process‐Based, Machine‐Learning, and Atmospheric Inversion Modeling Approaches

Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, Volume 131, Issue 7, July 2026.
Abstract Methane (CH4) oxidation by microbes is the largest biological sink of global methane, yet its magnitude and long‐term variability remain uncertain. Here, we combined process‐based (PB), machine‐learning (ML), and atmospheric inversion approaches to evaluate the global methane soil sinks and its implication for the atmospheric CH4 budget in ...
Youmi Oh, Licheng Liu, Jaehyun Lee, Lori Bruhwiler, Xin Lan, Sylvia Michel, Sourish Basu, John B. Miller, Qing Zhu, Sparkle Malone, Gavin McNicol, Qianlai Zhuang   +11 more
wiley   +1 more source

Inscribing Impact: Measurement Practices in the Making of Moral Markets

Journal of Management Studies, Volume 63, Issue 3, Page 1229-1263, May 2026.
Abstract Moral markets, designed to generate positive impact on pressing social and environmental challenges, are transforming traditional market practices by including more than economic considerations in their operations. The importance of these markets continues to grow as investors, regulators, and consumers increasingly put pressure on companies ...
Guillermo Casasnovas, Lisa Hehenberger, Kyriaki Papageorgiou   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Implicit cubic B-spline scheme for the fractional Black-Scholes model with Caputo-Hadamard derivative [PDF]

Journal of Mahani Mathematical Research
In this study, we introduce a novel numerical scheme for solving the Black–Scholes equation endowed with a Caputo-Hadamard fractional time derivative. The temporal derivative is discretized via a finite-difference approach, ensuring both stability and ...
Roya Montazeri
doaj   +1 more source

Global Natural Soil N2O Emissions: An Analysis With a Global Biogeochemistry Model From 1990 to 2023

Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Volume 40, Issue 4, April 2026.
Abstract Atmospheric N2O, the dominant ozone‐depleting substance and a potent greenhouse gas, has risen notably over recent decades. Using a process‐based model, we simulated the sensitivity of N2O emissions from undisturbed natural soils to the representation of historical land‐cover change from 1990 to 2023 by factoring the effects of atmospheric ...
Ye Yuan, Qianlai Zhuang
wiley   +1 more source

A Novel Fourth-Order Finite Difference Scheme for European Option Pricing in the Time-Fractional Black–Scholes Model

Mathematics
This paper addresses the valuation of European options, which involves the complex and unpredictable dynamics of fractal market fluctuations. These are modeled using the α-order time-fractional Black–Scholes equation, where the Caputo fractional ...
Xin Cai, Yihong Wang
doaj   +1 more source

Soil texture prevails over vegetation change in determining soil organic carbon storage in an African savanna

Journal of Ecology, Volume 114, Issue 4, April 2026.
We compared soil organic carbon (SOC) across six savanna–forest boundaries in South Africa. Surprisingly, savanna and forest soils contained comparable SOC stocks. While vegetation change shifted the carbon source from C4‐grasses to C3‐trees, total carbon storage was driven by local soil texture (clay/silt), proving that increasing tree cover does not ...
Yong Zhou, Chandra Man Rai, Sekou Noble‐Kuchera, Mariska te Beest, Siphesihle Mbongwa, Corli Coetsee   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Race‐related research in economics

Economica, Volume 93, Issue 370, Page 403-438, April 2026.
Abstract Issues of racial justice and economic inequalities between racial and ethnic groups have risen to the top of public debate. Economists' ability to contribute to these debates is based on the body of race‐related research. We study the volume and content of race‐related research in economics.
Arun Advani, Elliott Ash, Anton Boltachka, David Cai, Imran Rasul   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Urban and Power Plant NOx Emissions in Sub‐Saharan Africa Inferred From TROPOMI

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Volume 131, Issue 4, 28 February 2026.
Abstract Nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions are increasing rapidly in Sub‐Saharan Africa, affecting local air quality. Outside South Africa, most hotspots are relatively small, posing a challenge for traditional top‐down inversions. We tailor an existing top‐down wind rotation and Gaussian plume fit inversion to suit the relatively small NOx hotspots for ...
Eloise A. Marais, Nana Wei, Eric Y. P. Tan, Gongda Lu, Sekou Keita, Mogesh Naidoo, Rebecca M. Garland   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

An Efficient Numerical Scheme for a Time-Fractional Black–Scholes Partial Differential Equation Derived from the Fractal Market Hypothesis

Fractal and Fractional
Since the early 1970s, the study of Black–Scholes (BS) partial differential equations (PDEs) under the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) has been a subject of active research in financial engineering.
Samuel M. Nuugulu, Frednard Gideon, Kailash C. Patidar   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source