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The Origin, Epidemiology, and Phylodynamics of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 CRF47_BF
CRF47_BF is a circulating recombinant form (CRF) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the etiological agent of AIDS. CRF47_BF represents one of 19 CRFx_BFs and has a geographic focus in Spain, where it was first identified in 2010.
Gracelyn Hill +52 more
doaj +1 more source
XMM-Newton View of PKS 2155-304: Characterizing the X-ray Variability Properties with EPIC-PN [PDF]
Starting from XMM-Newton EPIC-PN data, we present the X-ray variability characteristics of PKS 2155-304 using a simple analysis of the excess variance, \xs, and of the fractional rms variability amplitude, fvar.
A. Celotti +7 more
core +3 more sources
Circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) are important components of the HIV-1 pandemic. Those derived from recombination between subtype B and subsubtype F1, with 18 reported, most of them of South American origin, are among the most diverse. In this study,
Javier E. Cañada-García +14 more
doaj +1 more source
Optical Monitoring of Quasars: I. Variability [PDF]
We present an analysis of quasar variability from data collected during a photometric monitoring of 50 objects carried out at CNPq/Laboratorio Nacional de Astrofisica, Brazil, between March 1993 and July 1996.
Garcia, A. +3 more
core +3 more sources
Context effects on second-language learning of tonal contrasts. [PDF]
Studies of lexical tone learning generally focus on monosyllabic contexts, while reports of phonetic learning benefits associated with input variability are based largely on experienced learners.
Bowles, Anita R., Chang, Charles B.
core +1 more source
Variability for Categorical Variables [PDF]
Introductory statistics textbooks rarely discuss the concept of variability for a categorical variable and thus, in this case, do not provide a measure of variability.
Gary D. Kader, Mike Perry
openaire +1 more source
Background Uneven ground is a frequently encountered, yet little-studied challenge for individuals with amputation. The absence of control at the prosthetic ankle to facilitate correction for surface inconsistencies, and diminished sensory input from the
Jenny A. Kent +2 more
doaj +1 more source
Introduction: The seemingly periodic human gait exhibits stride-to-stride variations as it adapts to the changing task constraints. The optimal movement variability hypothesis (OMVH) states that healthy stride-to-stride variations exhibit “fractality”—a ...
Taylor J. Wilson +4 more
doaj +1 more source
Underestimating Internal Variability Leads to Narrow Estimates of Climate System Properties [PDF]
Probabilistic estimates of climate system properties often rely on the comparison of model simulations to observed temperature records and an estimate of the internal climate variability.
Forest, CE +3 more
core +1 more source
Identification of a New HIV-1 BC Intersubtype Circulating Recombinant Form (CRF108_BC) in Spain
The extraordinary genetic variability of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) group M has led to the identification of 10 subtypes, 102 circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) and numerous unique recombinant forms.
Javier E. Cañada +15 more
doaj +1 more source

