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Current Biology, 2015 The terms 'haploid' and 'diploid' that describe single (n) and double (2n) chromosome sets in cells were coined by the Polish-German botanist Eduard Strasburger and originate from the Greek terms haplóos meaning 'single' and diplóos meaning 'double'.
Orr, Bernardo +2 more
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Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, 2010 Aneuploidy refers to karyotypic abnormalities characterized by gain or loss of individual chromosomes. This condition is associated with disease and death in all organisms in which it has been studied. We have characterized the effects of aneuploidy on yeast and primary mouse cells and found it to be detrimental at the cellular level.
Torres Mejia, Elen Raquel Sarabasti +3 more
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Aneuploidy and tumorigenesis [PDF]
Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology, 2011 Aneuploidy is a prominent phenotype of cancer. It refers to deviations from the normal number of chromosomes in a cell, as a result of whole-chromosome loss or gain. In most cases, aneuploidy is caused by mitotic errors due to defects in the mechanisms that have evolved to ensure faithful chromosome segregation, such as the spindle assembly checkpoint (
Xiao Fang, Pumin Zhang
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Recombining your way out of trouble: the genetic architecture of hybrid fitness under environmental stress [PDF]
, 2020 Hybridization between species is a fundamental evolutionary force that can both promote and delay adaptation. There is a deficit in our understanding of the genetic basis of hybrid fitness, especially in non-domesticated organisms.
Bendixsen, D. +5 more
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Stem-Like Adaptive Aneuploidy and Cancer Quasispecies [PDF]
, 2013 We analyze and reinterpret experimental evidence from the literature to argue for an ability of tumor cells to self-regulate their aneuploidy rate. We conjecture that this ability is mediated by a diversification factor that exploits molecular mechanisms
Napoletani, Domenico +2 more
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Aneuploidy and proteotoxic stress in cancer [PDF]
, 2015 Although nearly ubiquitous in cancer, aneuploidy exerts detrimental effects on human cells. We recently demonstrated that aneuploid human cells exhibit impaired heat shock factor protein 1 (HSF1) and HSP90 function, suggesting a functional link between ...
Donnelly, N., Storchova, Z.
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Mouse Models of Aneuploidy [PDF]
The Scientific World Journal, 2012 Abnormalities of chromosome copy number are called aneuploidies and make up a large health load on the human population. Many aneuploidies are lethal because the resulting abnormal gene dosage is highly deleterious. Nevertheless, some whole chromosome aneuploidies can lead to live births. Alterations in the copy number of sections of chromosomes, which
Olivia Sheppard +4 more
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Aneuploidy among androgenic progeny of hexaploid triticale (XTriticosecale Wittmack). [PDF]
, 2010 Doubled haploids are an established tool in plant breeding and research. Of several methods for their production, androgenesis is technically simple and can efficiently produce substantial numbers of lines.
Lukaszewski, Adam J +3 more
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Patient Perception of Negative Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing Results [PDF]
, 2016 Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) uses cell-free fetal DNA to assess for fetal aneuploidy during pregnancy. NIPT has higher detection rates and positive predictive values than previous methods; however, NIPT is not diagnostic. Studies suggest patients
Wittman, Ann Theresa
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Mechanisms of aneuploidy [PDF]
Current Opinion in Cell Biology, 2011 Accurate chromosome segregation during cell division is essential for genome integrity. Errors in chromosome segregation are irreversible and lead to a state of aneuploidy where the number of chromosomes in a cell or organism is not a multiple of the haploid number of chromosomes.
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