Results 31 to 40 of about 170,876 (287)

Neural signatures of cognitive flexibility and reward sensitivity following nicotinic receptor stimulation in dependent smokers : a randomized trial [PDF]

, 2017
IMPORTANCE Withdrawal from nicotine is an important contributor to smoking relapse. Understanding how reward-based decision making is affected by abstinence and by pharmacotherapies such as nicotine replacement therapy and varenicline tartrate may aid ...
Aronson, Sarah E., Lesage, Elise, Ross, Thomas J., Salmeron, Betty Jo, Stein, Elliot A., Sutherland, Matthew T.   +5 more
core   +2 more sources

Attention for Learning Signals in Anterior Cingulate Cortex [PDF]

The Journal of Neuroscience, 2011
Learning theory suggests that animals attend to pertinent environmental cues when reward contingencies unexpectedly change so that learning can occur. We have previously shown that activity in basolateral nucleus of amygdala (ABL) responds to unexpected changes in reward value, consistent with unsigned prediction error signals theorized by Pearce and ...
Daniel W, Bryden, Emily E, Johnson, Steven C, Tobia, Vadim, Kashtelyan, Matthew R, Roesch   +4 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Systemic T Cell Receptor Profiling Reveals Adaptive Immune Activation and Potential Immune Signatures of Diagnosis and Brain Atrophy in Epilepsy

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Objective Epilepsy is increasingly associated with immune dysregulation and inflammation. The T cell receptor (TCR), a key mediator of adaptive immunity, shows repertoire alterations in various immune‐mediated diseases. The unique TCR sequence serves as a molecular barcode for T cells, and clonal expansion accompanied by reduced overall TCR ...
Yong‐Won Shin, Sang Bin Hong, Yong Woo Shin, Inpyeong Hwang, Jaeseong Oh, Jihyeon Choi, Narae Kim, Jangsup Moon, Keun‐Hwa Jung, Kyung‐Il Park, Ki‐Young Jung, Kon Chu, Sang Kun Lee   +12 more
wiley   +1 more source

Aberrant posterior cingulate connectivity classify first-episode schizophrenia from controls: A machine learning study

, 2020
Background Posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) is a key aspect of the default mode network (DMN). Aberrant PCC functional connectivity (FC) is implicated in schizophrenia, but the potential for PCC related changes as biological classifier of schizophrenia ...
Deng, W., Greenshaw, A., Guo, W., Kong, X., Li, M., Li, T., Li, X., Li, X., Liang, S., Ma, X., Meng, Y., Wang, Q., Yu, H., Zhang, C., Zhao, L.   +14 more
core   +1 more source

Generation of theta activity (RSA) in the cingulate cortex of the rat [PDF]

, 1982
Unit activity recorded from the cingulate cortex during theta rhythm shows periodic trains of spikes which are phase-locked to the local theta field potential waves. These cortical theta units were also shown to be correlated with hippocampal theta units.
Holsheimer, J.
core   +3 more sources

The Subgenual Anterior Cingulate Cortex in Mood Disorders [PDF]

CNS Spectrums, 2008
ABSTRACTThe anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) ventral to the genu of the corpus callosum has been implicated in the modulation of emotional behavior on the basis of neuroimaging studies in humans and lesion analyses in experimental animals. In a combined positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging study of mood disorders, we demonstrated that
Wayne C, Drevets, Jonathan, Savitz, Michael, Trimble   +2 more
openaire   +2 more sources

CSF Levels of NPTX2 Are Associated With Less Brain Atrophy Over Time in Cognitively Unimpaired Individuals

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Introduction Neuronal pentraxin 2 (NPTX2) is a synaptic protein involved in synaptic plasticity and regulation of neuronal excitability. Lower baseline cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) NPTX2 levels have been shown to be associated with an earlier onset of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a pre‐dementia syndrome, even after CSF Alzheimer's Disease (AD)
Juan P. Vazquez, Corinne Pettigrew, Yuxin Zhu, Claire Anderson, Guray Erus, Christos Davatzikos, Michael Miller, Abhay Moghekar, Sungtaek Oh, Chan‐Hyun Na, Marilyn Albert, Paul Worley, Anja Soldan   +12 more
wiley   +1 more source

Noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation alters neural response and physiological autonomic tone to noxious thermal challenge. [PDF]

, 2019
The mechanisms by which noninvasive vagal nerve stimulation (nVNS) affect central and peripheral neural circuits that subserve pain and autonomic physiology are not clear, and thus remain an area of intense investigation.
Baker, Dewleen G, Davis, Bryan, Huang, Charles, Huang, Mingxiong, Kimball, Donald, Lerman, Imanuel, Proudfoot, James, Rao, Ramesh, Simmons, Alan N, Simon, Bruce, Sorkin, Linda, Spadoni, Andrea, Strigo, Irina, Zhong, Edward   +13 more
core   +2 more sources

A Comprehensive Overview of the Clinical, Electrophysiological, and Neuroimaging Features of BPAN: Insights From a New Case Series

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Background Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) comprises a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of rare neurological disorders characterized particularly by iron accumulation in the basal ganglia. To date, 15 genes have been associated with NBIA.
Seda Susgun, Ozgu Kizek, Sibel Aylin Ugur Iseri, Ibrahim Kamaci, Ayse Deniz Elmali, Pinar Iscen, Berfin Gulkaya Guzel, Gul Yalcin Cakmakli, Bulent Elibol, Berril Donmez, Raif Cakmur, Pinar Topaloglu, Turkish NBIA Study Group, Abdullah Acar, Ahmet Acarer, Arzu Karabay, Asuman Ali, Ayla Barlas, Aysegul Gunduz, Banu Ozen Barut, Baris Baslo, Bilge Kocer, Bilgehan Mus, Birsen Karaman, Burcu Gokce Cokal, Cem Ismail Kucukali, Cenk Akbostanci, Ceyhun Sayman, Cagla Turan, Dilek Ince Gunal, Ebru Bilge Dirik, Ebru Erzurumluoglu, Elif Kocasoy Orhan, Enes Demiryurek, Emrah Yucesan, Ercan Kose, Erdem Tuzun, Esen Saka Topcuoglu, Esra Okuyucu, Fatma Betul Ozdilek, Feriha Ozer, Gencer Genc, Gozde Unal, Gulay Kenangil, Gullu Tarhan, Gunes Kiziltan, Halil Onder, Hamit Genc, Hasmet Hanagasi, Hatice Yuksel, Hulya Apaydin, Koray Kirimtay, Mehmet Guney Senol, Melisa Kilic, Meltem Demirkiran, Mert Karaca, Miray Erdem, Muhammet Bilgehan Mus, Murat Gultekin, Nalan Capan, Nazan Karagoz Sakalli, Nazli Basak, Nihan Hande Akcakaya, Ozan Ezer, Ozge Uygun, Ozge Yilmaz Kuspeci, Ozgur Oztop Cakmak, Pervin Iseri, Petek Ballar Kirmizibayrak, Pinar Elkoca, Recep Alp, Remzi Yigiter, Rezzak Yilmaz, Sadika Ozdemir, Selda Keskin, Selen Ilhan Alp, Selen Soylu, Serdar Ceylaner, Serhat Ozkan, Sevda Erer Ozbek, Sevgin Gundogan, Sevil Yasufli, Sezin Alpaydin Baslo, Sibel Ertan, Sultan Cagirici, Seyma Aykac, Vuslat Yilmaz, Yaprak Secil, Yasar Kutukcu, Yeliz Ciftci, Yesim Sucullu Karadag, Yildiz Değirmenci, Zeliha Matur, Nerses Bebek, Murat Emre, Zuhal Yapici   +95 more
wiley   +1 more source

Determining a Role for Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex in Encoding Action-Based Value Signals During Reward-Related Decision Making [PDF]

, 2009
Considerable evidence has emerged to implicate ventromedial prefrontal cortex in encoding expectations of future reward during value-based decision making.
Alan N. Hampton, Balleine, Bechara, Blair, Clark, Cools, Daw, Daw, Deichmann, Dorris, Friston, Hampton, Hampton, Hampton, Hoshi, Jan Gläscher, John P. O'Doherty, Kable, Kennerley, Kim, Kirkpatrick, Knutson, Matsumoto, Matsumoto, Montague, Montague, O'Doherty, O'Doherty, Ostlund, Ostlund, Padoa-Schioppa, Paton, Picard, Platt, Rushworth, Rushworth, Schoenbaum, Schoenbaum, Seo, Seymour, Seymour, Shima, Sohn, Sugrue, Sutton, Thorpe, Tremblay, Tremblay, Tzourio-Mazoyer, Valentin, Volz, von Neumann, Wallis, Walton   +53 more
core   +3 more sources