Results 31 to 40 of about 6,400,099 (241)

Dopamine transients do not act as model-free prediction errors during associative learning

Nature Communications, 2020
Dopamine neurons are proposed to signal the reward prediction error in model-free reinforcement learning algorithms. Here, the authors show that when given during an associative learning task, optogenetic activation of dopamine neurons causes associative,
Melissa J. Sharpe, Hannah M. Batchelor, Lauren E. Mueller, Chun Yun Chang, Etienne J. P. Maes, Yael Niv, Geoffrey Schoenbaum   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

Training on multiple days results in better learning in embedded eyeblink conditioning in young human adults

npj Science of Learning
Eyeblink conditioning is mediated by similar cerebellar pathways in humans and animals and is typically investigated using delay or trace protocols. These studies show that humans can easily acquire eyeblink conditioning within a single day of training ...
Robert Winton, Meenam Pious, Anders Rasmussen   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Pictorial Referents Facilitate Recognition and Retrieval Speeds of Associations Between Novel Words in a Second Language (L2) and Referents

Frontiers in Communication, 2021
This study reveals associative processes for novel words in a second language (L2) and their referents. Thirty Japanese participants learned associative pairs for novel words in Chinese and pictorial referents (CP), as well as novel words in Chinese and ...
Xinyi Liu, Hiroki Horinouchi, Yutao Yang, Yan Yan, Misa Ando, Ukwueze Jonah Obinna, Ukwueze Jonah Obinna, Shushi Namba, Toshimune Kambara   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source

Language, Culture, and Cancer: Qualitative Insights Into Communication Disparities Among Spanish‐Speaking Caregivers of Children With Cancer

Pediatric Blood &Cancer, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Background Latino children are projected to make up nearly one‐third of United States (US) children by 2060, and many of their caregivers speak Spanish. Prior survey research has documented communication difficulties for Spanish‐speaking caregivers of children with cancer, but contemporary qualitative data are limited.
Jenny Ruiz, Alejandra Curbelo‐Paz, Sonia Morales, Elizabeth Contreras, Amy Houtrow, Scott H. Maurer, Judy C. Chang   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Noise-Enhanced Associative Memories [PDF]

, 2013
Recent advances in associative memory design through structured pattern sets and graph-based inference algorithms allow reliable learning and recall of exponential numbers of patterns.
Amir Hesam Salavati, Karbasi, Amin, Amin Karbasi, Salavati, Amir Hesam, Shokrollahi, Amin, Varshney, Lav R., Amin Shokrollahi, Lav R. Varshney   +7 more
core   +2 more sources

“We Cannot Talk as a Family”: Complexities of Survivorship Communication Among Hispanic/Latino Young Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer, Parents, and Clinicians

Pediatric Blood &Cancer, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Background Young adult childhood cancer survivors (YA‐CCS) have an increased risk of treatment‐related health complications throughout their lives. Lifelong survivorship care is recommended, yet many YA‐CCS experience disruptions in care during pediatric‐to‐adult transitions and do not receive recommended survivorship care.
Kevin Shanchen Pu, Nicole Fernández‐Viña, Briana C. Martin‐Villa, Daniela Ramirez, Rebecca M. Lewinsohn, Mary Smith, Heidi Boynton, Lidia Schapira, Stephanie M. Smith   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

Evidence‐Based Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Pediatric Febrile Neutropenia: Resource‐Sensitive Recommendations for the Asian Continent

Pediatric Blood &Cancer, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a frequent and serious complication in children receiving cancer therapy. Standardizing FN management across Asia is challenging due to variable healthcare infrastructure, diagnostic capacity, and infection patterns; however, it could improve resource use and patient outcomes.
Joliza Patricia Cañeba, Shweta Bansal, Tea Reljic, Allyne Montecillo‐Aguelo, Hamidah Alias, Farrah Amaranto, Maria Stella Aquino‐Calingasan, Bambang Ardianto, Eggi Arguni, Sally Blair, Thi Tam Dang, Maria Beatriz Gepte, Samanmalee Gunasekara, Andini Handayani, Miriam Kimpo, Catherine G. Lam, Nawachai Lertvivatpong, Sergio Licona, Ana Loseo, Ratha Mlis, Vivian Moreno Berrio, Nguyen Hoai Anh, Anna Lisa Ong‐Lim, Ha Thu Pham, Krishna Sagar Sharma, Bun Sereyleak, Sally Jane G. Velasco‐Aro, Su Yadana, Ambuj Kumar, Sheena Mukkada   +29 more
wiley   +1 more source

Gut microbiome and aging—A dynamic interplay of microbes, metabolites, and the immune system

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Age‐dependent shifts in microbial communities engender shifts in microbial metabolite profiles. These in turn drive shifts in barrier surface permeability of the gut and brain and induce immune activation. When paired with preexisting age‐related chronic inflammation this increases the risk of neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases.
Aaron Mehl, Eran Blacher
wiley   +1 more source

The human gut microbiome across the life course

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Despite significant individual variation and continuous change throughout life, the human gut microbiome follows some life stage‐specific trends. This article provides a brief overview of how gut microbiome composition shifts across different phases of life. Created in BioRender. Özkurt, E. (2026) https://BioRender.com/8q4nrnc.
Alise J. Ponsero, Basak Bahcivanci, Antonietta Hayhoe, Animesh Acharjee, Ezgi Özkurt   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Mutation at the TrkB PLC{gamma}-docking site affects hippocampal LTP and associative learning in conscious mice [PDF]

, 2007
Previous in vitro studies have characterized the electrophysiological properties and molecular events associated with long-term potentiation (LTP), but as yet there are no in vivo data from molecular-level dissection that directly identify LTP as the ...
Delgado-García, José M, Valenzuela-Harrington, Mauricio, Sciarretta, Carla, Minichiello, Liliana, Gruart, Agnès   +4 more
core   +1 more source