Results 131 to 140 of about 462,755 (380)

Astrocytes: Role and Functions in Brain Pathologies

Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2019
Astrocytes are a population of cells with distinctive morphological and functional characteristics that differ within specific areas of the brain. Postnatally, astrocyte progenitors migrate to reach their brain area and related properties.
R. Siracusa, R. Fusco, S. Cuzzocrea
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Unraveling the Molecular Mechanisms of Glioma Recurrence: A Study Integrating Single‐Cell and Spatial Transcriptomics

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Objective Glioma recurrence severely impacts patient prognosis, with current treatments showing limited efficacy. Traditional methods struggle to analyze recurrence mechanisms due to challenges in assessing tumor heterogeneity, spatial dynamics, and gene networks.
Lei Qiu, Yinjiao Fei, Jiaxuan Ding, Kexin Shi, Jinyan Luo, Yuchen Zhu, Xingjian Sun, Gefei Jiang, Yuandong Cao, Weilin Xu, Shu Zhou   +10 more
wiley   +1 more source

Astrocytes rescue neuronal health after cisplatin treatment through mitochondrial transfer

Acta Neuropathologica Communications, 2020
Neurodegenerative disorders, including chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment, are associated with neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction. Cisplatin, a commonly used chemotherapeutic, induces neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo and in vitro ...
Krystal English, Andrew Shepherd, Ndidi-Ese Uzor, Ronnie Trinh, Annemieke Kavelaars, Cobi J. Heijnen   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

β-Amyloid peptides induce mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in astrocytes and death of neurons through activation of NADPH oxidase [PDF]

, 2004
β-Amyloid (βA) peptide is strongly implicated in the neurodegeneration underlying Alzheimer's disease, but the mechanisms of neurotoxicity remain controversial. This study establishes a central role for oxidative stress by the activation of NADPH oxidase
Abramov, A.Y., Canevari, L., Duchen, M.R.   +2 more
core  

TGF-beta(2)- and H2O2-Induced Biological Changes in Optic Nerve Head Astrocytes Are Reduced by the Antioxidant Alpha-Lipoic Acid [PDF]

, 2012
Background/Aims: The goal of the present study was to determine whether transforming growth factor-beta(2) (TGF-beta(2))- and oxidative stress-induced cellular changes in cultured human optic nerve head (ONH) astrocytes could be reduced by pretreatment ...
Abdul HM, Alice L. Yu, Aslan M, Bilska A, Buniatian GH, Cabell L, Carini M, Chong MS, Esposito G, Fuchshofer R, Fuchshofer R, Fukuchi T, Furuyoshi N, Gaitanaki C, Hatten ME, He S, Hernandez MR, Hernandez MR, Hernandez MR, Hernandez MR, Hodges NJ, Ihnat MA, Izzotti A, Jerome Moriniere, Kobayashi S, Kumar DM, Lambert W, Louhelainen M, Lutjen-Drecoll E, Malone PE, Markesbery WR, Meldrum B, Mozaffarieh M, Neufeld AH, Neumann C, Ohia SE, Oksala NK, Oksala NK, Pena JD, Picht G, Proell V, Ridet JL, Sacca SC, Salinthone S, Samali A, Sharp FR, Shin JH, Smith AR, Sturrock A, Tezel G, Tezel G, Tripathi RC, Ulrich Welge-Lussen, Valencia A, Veach J, Várkonyi T, Yang KL, Yang P, Yu AL, Yu AL, Zimmer DB   +60 more
core   +1 more source

Association of CDKN2A/B Homozygous Deletion and Extent of Resection With Survival of Patients With WHO CNS5 Grade 4 Astrocytoma

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Objectives WHO grade 4 astrocytomas are associated with poor prognosis, and their prognostic factors remain controversial. This study aimed to identify the prognostic factors and develop a management algorithm for these patients. Methods This study retrospectively included 151 CNS5 adult grade 4 astrocytomas from two medical centers.
Jiawei Cai, Guanglin Zhu, Qiu He, Chen Luo, Lingyun Zhuo, Xingfu Wang, Yiming Chen, Xiaoyong Chen, Wendong You, Jiaheng Xu, Yuanxiang Lin, Dezhi Kang, Shuai Wu, Zanyi Wu   +13 more
wiley   +1 more source

Astrocytes Regulate Neuronal Network Burst Frequency Through NMDA Receptors in a Species- and Donor-Specific Manner

Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science
Background: Development of synaptic activity is a key neuronal characteristic that relies largely on interactions between neurons and astrocytes. Although astrocytes have known roles in regulating synaptic function and malfunction, the use of human- or ...
Noora Räsänen, Jari Tiihonen, Marja Koskuvi, Šárka Lehtonen, Nelli Jalkanen, Nelli Karmila, Isabelle Weert, Olli Vaurio, Ilkka Ojansuu, Markku Lähteenvuo, Olli Pietiläinen, Jari Koistinaho   +11 more
doaj   +1 more source

Increased GFAP immunoreactivity by astrocytes in response to contact with dorsal root ganglia cells in a 3D culture model [PDF]

, 2007
Failure of repair mechanisms in the injured CNS is widely attributed to the inhibitory environment of the lesion site, most notably the formation of the glial scar which forms a physical and physiological barrier to axon regeneration.
East, Emma, Golding, Jon, Phillips, James   +2 more
core   +1 more source

Microglia induce the transformation of A1/A2 reactive astrocytes via the CXCR7/PI3K/Akt pathway in chronic post-surgical pain

Journal of Neuroinflammation, 2020
Background Activated astrocytes play important roles in chronic post-surgical pain (CPSP). Recent studies have shown reactive astrocytes are classified into A1 and A2 phenotypes, but their precise roles in CPSP remain unknown.
Ting Li, Tongtong Liu, Xuhui Chen, Li Li, Miaomiao Feng, Yue Zhang, L. Wan, Chuanhan Zhang, W. Yao   +8 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

CX3CL1 in Early Detection of Alzheimer's Disease: Plasma Dynamics Across Age and Disease Stages

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Backgrounds Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by amyloid‐beta plaques, tau tangles, and neuroinflammation. C‐X3‐C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CX3CL1, also known as fractalkine), a neuroimmune chemokine implicated in AD pathogenesis, shows inconsistent alterations in plasma/serum across studies.
Ling Wang, Yujie Liu, Fei Li, Xuelin Li, Lanlan Li, Jie Zhang, Yali Xu   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source