Results 131 to 140 of about 8,961,288 (283)

Base-rate neglect based on base-rates in experience-based contingency learning [PDF]

, 2007
Predicting criterion events based on probabilistic predictor events, humans often lend excessive weight to predictor event information and insufficient weight to criterion event base-rates. Using the matching-to-sample paradigm established in studies on experience-based contingency learning in animals, Goodie and Fantino (1996) showed that human judges
Kutzner, Florian, Freytag, Peter, Vogel, Tobias, Fiedler, Klaus   +3 more
openaire   +1 more source

Mental Models and Learning: The Case of Base-Rate Neglect

American Economic Review
We experimentally document persistence of suboptimal behavior despite ample opportunities to learn from feedback in a canonical updating problem where people suffer from base-rate neglect. Our results provide insights on the mechanisms hindering learning from feedback.
Esponda, Ignacio, Vespa, Emanuel, Yuksel, Sevgi   +2 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Membrane composition and thermodynamic identity as boundaries of life for synthetic cell research

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
What makes a cell a cell? The boundary of a living cell is not just a wall. Read as a Markov blanket, the membrane separates internal from external states, generating identity and non‐equilibrium order. Can this identity be rebuilt from scratch in a synthetic cell?
Caterina Presutti, Bert Poolman
wiley   +1 more source

IMPDH inhibition enhances cytarabine efficacy in SAMHD1‐expressing leukaemia cells via guanine nucleotide depletion

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
Cytarabine is a key therapy for acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), but its efficacy is limited by the dNTPase SAMHD1, which hydrolyses its active metabolite. Screening nucleotide biosynthesis inhibitors revealed that IMPDH inhibitors selectively sensitise SAMHD1‐proficient AML cells to cytarabine.
Miriam Yagüe‐Capilla, Christopher Dirks, Caroline Eiden, Sonja K. Fesenmayer, Femke M. Hormann, Yolande Klootsema, Ingrid Lilienthal, Si Min Zhang, Nikolas Herold, Sean G. Rudd   +9 more
wiley   +1 more source

Transcriptional profiling of circulating extracellular vesicles from prebiopsy prostate cancer patients

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
RNA profiling of circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) from blood samples of men undergoing prostate biopsy identifies transcripts associated with clinically significant prostate cancer. Integrative analysis with public tumor datasets links EV‐derived gene signatures to tumor stage and progression‐free survival, highlighting CASP3, XRCC2, and RIT1 ...
Stefan Werner, Pierre Tennstedt, Randi C. Pose, Christian Müller, Katharina Besler, Svenja Schneegans, Malik Alawi, Marie C. Roesch, Sven Peine, Desiree Bonci, Joanna Budna‐Tukan, Evi Lianidou, Catherine Alix‐Panabières, Derya Tilki, Klaus Pantel   +14 more
wiley   +1 more source

The development of heuristics in children: Base-rate neglect and representativeness.

, 2016
This paper examines the development of therepresentativeness heuristic in early childhood. Using a novelparadigm, we investigated 3- to 6-year-old children’s abilityto use base-rate and individuating information in theirpredictive inferences. In Experiment 1, we presented childrenwith base-rate and individuating information separately to testtheir ...
Gualtieri, Samantha, Denison, Stephanie
openaire   +1 more source

Developmental programmes drive cellular plasticity, disease progression and therapy resistance in lung adenocarcinoma

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
This study shows that lung adenocarcinomas exploit developmental branching morphogenesis to acquire a therapy resistant basal‐like tumour cell state. This process was found to be regulated by combined TP53 loss‐of‐function and type‐I interferon signalling, identifying a novel axis for biomarker and therapeutic target discovery.
Kamila J Bienkowska, Stephany Gallardo, Nur S. Zainal, Leena Arora, Matthew Ellis, Maria‐Antoinette Lopez, Judith Austine, Sai Pittla, Serena J Chee, Aiman Alzetani, Emily C Shaw, Christian H Ottensmeier, Gareth J Thomas, Christopher J Hanley   +13 more
wiley   +1 more source

Re-Examining Base-Rate Neglect: The Effect Of Context. [PDF]

Classic base-rate neglect studies have been consistently criticised for lacking ecological validity. A study by Welsh & Navarro (2012) found this heuristic was significantly reduced when participants perceived the base rate as more relevant. The present study aims to study this phenomenon through a more realistic scenario while simultaneously ...
Adler, Nine, Dewitt, Stephen H
openaire   +1 more source

Stimulator of interferon genes agonist augmented antitumor immunity of osimertinib in Egfr‐mutated lung cancer

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
Combining osimertinib with the STING agonist ADU‐S100 activates innate and adaptive immunity to overcome the non‐inflamed microenvironment of Egfr‐mutant lung cancer. This combination increases NK and CD8+ T‐cell infiltration, associated with activation of the STING‐IRF3 pathway and local immunogenic cell death.
Jun Nishimura, Tadahiro Kuribayashi, Johannes Brägelmann, Sachi Okawa, Masataka Taoka, Shunta Mori, Tomoka Nishimura, Takaaki Tanaka, Go Makimoto, Kiichiro Ninomiya, Kammei Rai, Eiki Ichihara, Ryohei Katayama, Katsuyuki Hotta, Masahiro Tabata, Yosuke Togashi, Yoshinobu Maeda, Martin L. Sos, Katsuyuki Kiura, Kadoaki Ohashi   +19 more
wiley   +1 more source

Transcript of Commission to Eliminate Child Abuse and Neglect Fatalities Hearing: October 30, 2015

, 2015
Transcript of a public teleconference held by the Commission to Eliminate Child Abuse and Neglect Fatalities (CECANF) on October 30, 2015. This hearing includes opening remarks by Chairman Sanders and a discussion by the Commission on parts of the early ...
CQ Transcriptions
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