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Clinical Case Reports, Volume 14, Issue 11, November 2026.We report a rare case of left‐sided bilothorax in a patient who had spleen laceration and hemoperitoneum after blunt abdominal trauma without any biliary tree injury. A high index of clinical suspicion is important to identify this underdiagnosed entity.
Thanuja Reddipilli +3 more
wiley +1 more source
Clinical Pharmacology &Therapeutics, Volume 120, Issue 5, Page 1358-1367, November 2026.Obeticholic acid (OCA), a synthetic analog of chenodeoxycholic acid, was approved in 2016 for the treatment of primary biliary cholangitis. Early clinical trials revealed elevated liver biomarkers in healthy subjects receiving supratherapeutic OCA doses (100–250 mg).
Abigail K. Mayo +4 more
wiley +1 more source
Clinical Pharmacology &Therapeutics, Volume 120, Issue 5, Page 1368-1378, November 2026.Rifampicin is a prototypical clinical inducer used in drug–drug interaction (DDI) studies. However, the clinical relevance and predictability of rifampicin‐mediated hepatic transporter induction remain poorly defined. Conventional hepatocyte culture models fail to capture clinically relevant regulation of transporters and drug‐metabolizing enzymes ...
Mattie E. Hartauer +9 more
wiley +1 more source
A Role of the Bile Salt Receptor FXR in Atherosclerosis [PDF]
Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 2010 This study reviews current insights into the role of bile salts and bile salt receptors on the progression and regression of atherosclerosis. Bile salts have emerged as important modifiers of lipid and energy metabolism.
Bert Groen +2 more
exaly +2 more sources
Bile Salts and Their Importance for Drug Absorption
International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2013 Bile salts are present in the intestines of humans as well as the animals used during the development of pharmaceutical products. This review provides a short introduction into the physical chemical properties of bile salts, a description of the bile ...
Huiling Mu, René Holm, Anette Müllertz
exaly +2 more sources
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Bile Salt Metabolism:I. The Physiology of Bile Salts
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine, 1977Bile salts are synthesized in the liver from cholesterol, conjugated with glycine or taurine and secreted in bile with cholesterol and lecithin. The molar concentrations of these three lipids determine solubility of cholesterol in bile. Within the gastrointestinal lumen bile salts play an essential role in lipid absorption and faty transport.
A E, Cowen, C B, Campbell
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Bile Salt Metabolism:II. Bile Salts and Disease
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine, 1977Alterations of bile salt metabolism have been shown in numerous diseases. Liver damage results in elevated serum bile salt concentrations which may be useful as a sensitive index of hepatocellular disease. Changes in the relative proportions of the individual bile salts in serum occur with cholestasis.
C B, Campbell, A E, Cowen
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Annual Review of Physiology, 2002
▪ Abstract Bile salts are the major organic solutes in bile and undergo extensive enterohepatic circulation. Hepatocellular bile salt uptake is mediated predominantly by the Na + -taurocholate cotransport proteins Ntcp (rodents) and NTCP (humans) and by the Na +
Meier, Peter J., Stieger, B.
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▪ Abstract Bile salts are the major organic solutes in bile and undergo extensive enterohepatic circulation. Hepatocellular bile salt uptake is mediated predominantly by the Na + -taurocholate cotransport proteins Ntcp (rodents) and NTCP (humans) and by the Na +
Meier, Peter J., Stieger, B.
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Bile Salt Roles in Bile-Salt-Stimulated Lipase Activity
Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 1986SummaryThe hydrolysis of 4‐nitrophenylacetate and phenylsalicylate, catalyzed by human milk lipase in the presence of a range of concentrations of sodium cholate, has been measured at pH 7.3 and 37.5°C, and maximum activity was observed for both substrates at 1 mmole/ dm−3 bile salt.
C J, O'Connor, P, Walde, R G, Wallace
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Interactions Between Bile Salts, Gut Microbiota, and Hepatic Innate Immunity
Immunological Reviews, 2017 Bile salts are the water-soluble end products of hepatic cholesterol catabolism that are released into the duodenum and solubilize lipids due to their amphipathic structure.
Frank G. Schaap +2 more
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