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2020
Clostridium botulinum is an anaerobic, gram-positive bacterium that secretes an extremely large neurotoxic molecule (900 kDa), which produces food poisoning or botulism. It is now also used in medicine to treat diseases according to Paracelsus's paradigm that the difference between a poison and a drug lies in the dose.
Signorini, Massimo +5 more
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Clostridium botulinum is an anaerobic, gram-positive bacterium that secretes an extremely large neurotoxic molecule (900 kDa), which produces food poisoning or botulism. It is now also used in medicine to treat diseases according to Paracelsus's paradigm that the difference between a poison and a drug lies in the dose.
Signorini, Massimo +5 more
openaire +2 more sources
Botulinum B Toxin as an Alternative to Botulinum A Toxin
Ophthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, 1993Histochemical effects of botulinum B toxin were studied on fibers from longissimus dorsi muscle in Albino rabbits and compared to effects produced by botulinum A toxin. Acetylcholinesterase staining, muscle fiber size analysis, and ATPase staining indicated botulinum B toxin produced a denervation gradient and field similar to that produced by ...
G E, Borodic +4 more
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Critical Care Clinics, 2005
Botulinum toxin is regarded as the most lethal substance known. It is estimated that the human LD50 for inhalation botulism is 1 to 3 nanograms of toxin/kilogram body mass. Although only three cases of inhalational botulism have been described, an understanding of the pathophysiology of food-borne outbreaks, wound botulism, and infant botulism, and ...
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Botulinum toxin is regarded as the most lethal substance known. It is estimated that the human LD50 for inhalation botulism is 1 to 3 nanograms of toxin/kilogram body mass. Although only three cases of inhalational botulism have been described, an understanding of the pathophysiology of food-borne outbreaks, wound botulism, and infant botulism, and ...
openaire +2 more sources
Current Allergy and Asthma Reports, 2016
Rhinitis is a common clinical entity. Besides nasal obstruction, itching, and sneezing, one of the most important symptoms of rhinitis is nasal hypersecretion produced by nasal glands and exudate from the nasal vascular bed. Allergic rhinitis is an IgE-mediated inflammatory reaction of nasal mucosa after exposure to environmental allergens.
Cengiz, Ozcan, Onur, Ismi
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Rhinitis is a common clinical entity. Besides nasal obstruction, itching, and sneezing, one of the most important symptoms of rhinitis is nasal hypersecretion produced by nasal glands and exudate from the nasal vascular bed. Allergic rhinitis is an IgE-mediated inflammatory reaction of nasal mucosa after exposure to environmental allergens.
Cengiz, Ozcan, Onur, Ismi
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Pharmacology of botulinum toxin
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 2000Botulinum toxin has a well-defined role among dermatologists for the treatment of facial wrinkling, brow position, and palmar and axillary hyperhidrosis.The purpose of this study is to educate dermatologists on the pharmacology of botulinum toxin.A retrospective review of the literature on botulinum toxin from 1962 to the present was conducted.
W, Huang, J A, Foster, A S, Rogachefsky
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Innovation in Botulinum Toxins
Dermatologic ClinicsThis study aims to analyze and discuss recent trials of high-dose and liquid toxins for treating moderate to severe glabellar lines. A comprehensive review of clinical studies and patient outcomes data was conducted to assess the effectiveness and safety profiles of high-dose and liquid toxins.
Reema, Rashied, Michael H, Gold
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American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 2004
In the United States, the popularity of botulinum toxins as agents to treat muscle hypertonia has grown significantly over the last decade, despite lack of approval from the Food and Drug Administration for the indication of spasticity. Botox (botulinum toxin type A) and Myobloc (botulinum toxin type B) are Food and Drug Administration-approved for ...
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In the United States, the popularity of botulinum toxins as agents to treat muscle hypertonia has grown significantly over the last decade, despite lack of approval from the Food and Drug Administration for the indication of spasticity. Botox (botulinum toxin type A) and Myobloc (botulinum toxin type B) are Food and Drug Administration-approved for ...
openaire +2 more sources
Botulinum Toxin in Otorhinolaryngology
2014Through its anticholinergic effect, botulinum toxin is a suitable therapeutic option for dysfunctions of the muscular and the autonomic nervous system.Beside the classical indications like facial hyperkinesis (i.e. blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm), the treatment of complex dystonias (oromandibular dystonia, spasmodic dystonia, cervical dystonia ...
S, Rohrbach, R, Laskawi
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