Current status and future directions of botulinum neurotoxins for targeting pain processing. [PDF]
, 2015 Current evidence suggests that botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) A1 and B1, given locally into peripheral tissues such as skin, muscles, and joints, alter nociceptive processing otherwise initiated by inflammation or nerve injury in animal models and humans.
Pellett, Sabine +2 more
core +24 more sources
Clostridium botulinum Type E Toxins Bind to Caco-2 Cells by a Different Mechanism from That of Type A Toxins [PDF]
, 2012 Cultured Clostridium botulinum strains produce progenitor toxins designated as 12S, 16S, and 19S toxins. The 12S toxin consists of a neurotoxin (NTX, 7S) and a non-toxic non-hemagglutinin (NTNH).
Ma, Shaobo +6 more
core +1 more source
Electrical stimulation of injected muscles to boost botulinum toxin effect on spasticity: rationale, systematic review and state of the art [PDF]
, 2021 Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) represents a first-line treatment for spasticity, a common disabling consequence of many neurological diseases. Electrical stimulation of motor nerve endings has been reported to boost the effect of BoNT-A. To date, a wide
De Icco, Roberto +6 more
core +1 more source
Cost minimization analysis of BoNT-As in the treatment of upper limb spasticity and cervical dystonia [PDF]
, 2016 Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) injections are recommended for the management of upper limb spasticity (ULS) and cervical dystonia (CD). The main aim of this cost minimization analysis (CMA) was to compare the annual cost per patient for three BoNT-As ...
Bartolomei, Luigi +15 more
core +1 more source
The binding of botulinum neurotoxins to different peripheral neurons [PDF]
, 2017 Botulinum neurotoxins are the most potent toxins known. The double receptor binding modality represents one of the most significant properties of botulinum neurotoxins and largely accounts for their incredible potency and lethality.
Rossetto, O.
core +1 more source
Tables of toxicity of botulinum and tetanus neurotoxins [PDF]
, 2019 Tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins are the most poisonous substances known, so much so as to be considered for a possible terrorist use. At the same time, botulinum neurotoxin type A1 is successfully used to treat a variety of human syndromes ...
Montecucco, Cesare, Rossetto, Ornella
core +1 more source
Botulinum Neurotoxins (BoNTs) and Their Biological, Pharmacological, and Toxicological Issues: A Scoping Review [PDF]
, 2021 Botulinum toxins or neurotoxins (BoNTs) are the most potent neurotoxins known, and are currently extensively studied, not only for their potential lethality, but also for their possible therapeutic and cosmetic uses.
Alessio Danilo Inchingolo +10 more
core +1 more source
Immunological Characterization and Neutralizing Ability of Monoclonal Antibodies Directed Against Botulinum Neurotoxin Type H. [PDF]
, 2016 BackgroundOnly Clostridium botulinum strain IBCA10-7060 produces the recently described novel botulinum neurotoxin type H (BoNT/H). BoNT/H (N-terminal two-thirds most homologous to BoNT/F and C-terminal one-third most homologous to BoNT/A) requires ...
Arnon, Stephen S +5 more
core +1 more source
Molecular Aspects of Secretory Granule Exocytosis by Neurons and Endocrine Cells [PDF]
, 1994 Neuronal communication and endocrine signaling are fundamental for integrating the function of tissues and cells in the body. Hormones released by endocrine cells are transported to the target cells through the circulation.
Ahnert-Hilger G. +28 more
core +1 more source
Exploring the functional domain and the target of the tetanus toxin light chain in neurohypophysial terminals [PDF]
, 1994 The tetanus toxin light chain blocks calcium induced vasopressin release from neurohypophysial nerve terminals. Here we show that histidine residue 233 within the putative zinc binding motif of the tetanus toxin light chain is essential for the ...
Binz, T. +7 more
core +1 more source