Results 21 to 30 of about 414,150 (267)

Causal Factors, Causal Inference, Causal Explanation [PDF]

, 1986
There are two concepts of causes, property causation and token causation. The principle I want to discuss describes an epistemological connection between the two concepts, which I call the Connecting Principle.
Papineau, David, Sober, Elliott
core   +1 more source

Justifying Information-Geometric Causal Inference

, 2014
Information Geometric Causal Inference (IGCI) is a new approach to distinguish between cause and effect for two variables. It is based on an independence assumption between input distribution and causal mechanism that can be phrased in terms of ...
Janzing, Dominik, Schölkopf, Bernhard, Shajarisales, Naji, Steudel, Bastian   +3 more
core   +1 more source

Pulmonary Dysfunction Is Associated With Sleep Study Abnormalities in Children With Sickle Cell Disease: A Multicenter Study

Pediatric Blood &Cancer, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Introduction Pulmonary dysfunction and sleep abnormalities are common in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) and are associated with worse clinical outcomes. Whether spirometry abnormalities are associated with polysomnography (PSG) findings remains unclear.
Ammar Saadoon Alishlash, Anis Rabbani Nourani, A. K. M. Fazlur Rahman, Dima Ezmigna, Tarig Ali‐Dinar   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Applications and advancements of instrumental variable approach in causal inference in environmental epidemiology

环境与职业医学
In environmental epidemiological research, extensive non-random environmental exposures and complex confounding biases pose significant challenges when attempting causal inference.
Hui SHI, Guzhengyue ZHENG, Xing ZHAO, Shourui HUANG, Baozhuo AI, Jialong WU, Hualiang LIN   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

‘They Need to Hear You Say It’: Healthcare Professionals’ Perspectives on Barriers and Enablers to End‐of‐Life Discussions With Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer

Pediatric Blood &Cancer, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT End‐of‐life conversations with adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer rarely occur without the guidance of healthcare professionals. As a part of the ‘Difficult Discussions’ study, focused on palliative care and advance care planning discussions with AYAs with cancer, we investigated the factors that healthcare professionals identify ...
Justine Lee, Holly Evans, Claire E. Wakefield, Antoinette Anazodo, Richard J. Cohn, Brittany C. McGill, Elizabeth A. Lobb, Lori Wiener, Madeleine L. Juhrmann, Ursula M. Sansom‐Daly   +9 more
wiley   +1 more source

Reward or punishment? The distribution of life-cycle returns to political office

Political Science Research and Methods
The remuneration of MPs affects who engages in politics. Even if average returns to office are positive, as found in all other studies, some officeholders’ returns are likely negative.
Jens Olav Dahlgaard, Frederik K. Kjøller, Nicolai Kristensen   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Estimating Mann–Whitney-Type Causal Effects for Right-Censored Survival Outcomes

Journal of Causal Inference, 2019
Mann–Whitney-type causal effects are clinically relevant, easy to interpret, and readily applicable to a wide range of study settings. This article considers estimation of such effects when the outcome variable is a survival time subject to right ...
Zhang Zhiwei, Liu Chunling, Ma Shujie, Zhang Min   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

The Role of Invasive Procedures in the Treatment of Complicated Gastrointestinal Graft‐Versus‐Host Disease in Pediatric Patients

Pediatric Blood &Cancer, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Background Gastrointestinal graft‐versus‐host disease (GI GVHD) following hematopoietic stem cell transplant is typically managed with medical therapy, but surgery and angioembolization may be warranted in selected cases with life‐threatening complications.
Gaia Brunetti, Giorgio Persano, Chiara Grimaldi, Pier Luigi Di Paolo, Carmen Malaspina, Francesco Quagliarella, Valerio Balassone, Anna Chiara Iolanda Contini, Gian Luigi Natali, Rita Alaggio, Ivan Pietro Aloi, Tamara Caldaro, Alessandro Crocoli   +12 more
wiley   +1 more source

Women on the ballot and women at the polls: how women's representation shapes voter turnout in local elections

Political Science Research and Methods
We argue that more female candidates on the ballot will decrease the gender participation gap at the polls. We test this hypothesis with data from Italian local elections between 2008 and 2020, taking advantage of a 2012 law requiring at least a third of
Emanuel Coman, Sarah Shair-Rosenfield
doaj   +1 more source

Estimating Causal Effects of New Treatments Despite Self-Selection: The Case of Experimental Medical Treatments

Journal of Causal Inference, 2019
Providing terminally ill patients with access to experimental treatments, as allowed by recent “right to try” laws and “expanded access” programs, poses a variety of ethical questions.
Hazlett Chad
doaj   +1 more source