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Keeping Chromatin in the Loop(s)
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 2021Eukaryotic chromosomes are huge DNA polymers organized in space and time. Chromatin looping compacts these polymers, helps genome organization by the formation of enhancer–promoter and other interactions, and emerges when genes are highly expressed. Thus, several types of chromatin loops exist, which vary in structure, maintenance and function. Solovei
Leonid Mirny, Irina Solovei
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Chromatin Loops in Gene Regulation [PDF]
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms, 2009 The control of gene expression involves regulatory elements that can be very far from the genes they control. Several recent technological advances have allowed the direct detection of chromatin loops that juxtapose distant genomic sites in the nucleus.
Gerd A Blobel, Stephan Kadauke
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Mapping Chromatin Loops in Single Cells
Trends in Genetics, 2022Recent advances in high-throughput chromatin conformation capture (Hi-C) technologies at the single-cell level enable the identification of cell type-specific chromatin loops directly from complex tissues. This may help to interpret noncoding variants identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in disease-relevant cell types. We briefly review
Ming Hu, Miao Yu
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ZNF143 is a regulator of chromatin loop
Cell Biology and Toxicology, 2018It is known that transcription factor ZNF143 frequently co-binds with CTCF-Cohesin complex in the anchor regions of chromatin loops. However, there is currently no genome-wide experiment to explore the functional roles of ZNF143 in chromatin loops. In this work, we used both computational and experimental analyses to investigate the regulatory effect ...
Zi Wen +3 more
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Chromatin looping and the probability of transcription
Trends in Genetics, 2006Recent studies of several multigene clusters have shown that gene activation by a remote enhancer is associated with chromatin loop formation. It is not fully understood how a chromatin loop forms in a nucleus or how it is involved in gene regulation. In this article, we propose that the major feature that determines loop formation is the flexibility ...
Qiliang, Li +2 more
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Nascent Connections: R-Loops and Chromatin Patterning [PDF]
Trends in Genetics, 2016 RNA molecules, such as long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), have critical roles in regulating gene expression, chromosome architecture, and the modification states of chromatin. Recent developments suggest that RNA also influences gene expression and chromatin patterns through the interaction of nascent transcripts with their DNA template via the formation ...
Frederic Chedin
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Re-defining the chromatin loop domain
Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 2001It is commonly accepted that the loop domain represents the basic structural unit of eukaryotic chromatin associated with DNA replication, gene expression and higher order packaging. However, molecular-cytological information defining the loop domain is lacking. There are gaps in our knowledge of the loop structure and how it regulates gene expression.
H H, Heng +5 more
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Chromatin loops, illegitimate recombination, and genome evolution
BioEssays, 2009AbstractChromosomal rearrangements frequently occur at specific places (“hot spots”) in the genome. These recombination hot spots are usually separated by 50–100 kb regions of DNA that are rarely involved in rearrangements. It is quite likely that there is a correlation between the above‐mentioned distances and the average size of DNA loops fixed at ...
Omar L, Kantidze, Sergey V, Razin
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