Results 71 to 80 of about 18,931,441 (264)

Evaluation of Educational Interventions Based on Average Treatment Effect: A Case Study

Mathematics, 2022
Relative to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with privacy and ethical concerns, observational studies are becoming dominant in education research. In an observational study, it is necessary and important to correctly evaluate the effects of different ...
Jingyu Liang, Jie Liu
doaj   +1 more source

Estimation and Validation of Ratio-based Conditional Average Treatment Effects Using Observational Data

Journal of the American Statistical Association, 2020
While sample sizes in randomized clinical trials are large enough to estimate the average treatment effect well, they are often insufficient for estimation of treatment-covariate interactions critical to studying data-driven precision medicine. Observational data from real world practice may play an important role in alleviating this problem.
Steve Yadlowsky, Fabio Pellegrini, Federica Lionetto, Stefan Braune, Lu Tian   +4 more
openaire   +4 more sources

Subjective Cognitive Concerns and Cognitive Trajectories in Parkinson's Disease: Biomarker Impact

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Objective To examine the relationship of subjective cognitive concerns (SCC) with biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD), neurodegeneration, and Parkinson's disease (PD) and domain‐specific cognitive trajectories among cognitively unimpaired persons with de novo PD. Method Cognitively unimpaired participants with SCC (n = 294) and without SCC (
Francesca V. Lopez, Fareshte Erani, Katherine J. Bangen, David G. Coughlin, Douglas Galasko, Kelsey R. Thomas   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Choice of non-inferiority (NI) margins does not protect against degradation of treatment effects on an average--an observational study of registered and published NI trials. [PDF]

PLoS ONE, 2014
OBJECTIVE:NI margins have to be chosen appropriately to control the risk of degradation of treatment effects in non-inferiority (NI) trials. We aimed to study whether the current choice of NI margins protects sufficiently against a degradation of ...
Beryl Primrose Gladstone, Werner Vach
doaj   +1 more source

Association between Periodontal Treatment and Healthcare Costs in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: A Cohort Study Based on German Claims Data

Dentistry Journal, 2022
There is empirical evidence of an association between periodontitis and coronary heart disease (CHD). However, it is uncertain whether periodontal treatment in CHD patients might lead to reduced healthcare costs. This study aims to assess the association
Katja Blaschke, Martin Hellmich, Christina Samel, Stefan Listl, Ingrid Schubert   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Anticoagulation Treatment Response Among Phenotypic ESUS Clusters: Evidence From CASPR

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate treatment effect heterogeneity across phenotypic clusters of patients with cryptogenic embolic stroke using causal inference methods. Methods From a retrospective, multicenter cohort of patients with cryptogenic embolic stroke, we estimated the treatment effect of anticoagulation versus antiplatelet therapy in patients ...
Elena Badillo Goicoechea, Patrick Ellsworth, James E. Siegler, James R. Brorson, Christina M. Lineback, Frank G. Conyers, Deborah Kerrigan, Kelsey Eklund, Shadi Yaghi, Farid Khasiyev, Emiliya Melkumova, Collin J. Culbertson, Marissa D'Souza, Dinesh V. Jillella, Patrick Glover, Hassan Aboul‐Nour, Fadi Nahab, Mahan Shahrivari, Simona Nedelcu, David S. Liebeskind, Matthew M. Smith, Aaron Rothstein, Anna Bowman, Alicia Zha, Narendra Kala, Ahmad Abu Qdais, Sami Al Kasab, Mudassir Farooqui, Diana Rojas‐Soto, Yasmin Aziz, Franziska Herpich, Jean‐Philippe Daniel, Sean L. Thompson, Vivek Patel, Thanh N. Nguyen, Siddharth Sehgal, Wenzheng Yu, Wayneho Kam, Russel Van Coevering, Oana M. Dumitrascu, Muhammad Alvi, Balaji Krishnaiah, Setareh Salehi Omran, Guillermo Linares, Eesha Singh, Hamid Ali, Mary Penckofer, Jesse M. Thon, Shani Mannion, Dalia Chahien, Lucia Chen, Fawad Talat, Mehdi Abbasi, Richa Sharma   +53 more
wiley   +1 more source

Evaluating Marginal Policy Changes and the Average Effect of Treatment for Individuals at the Margin [PDF]

This paper develops methods for evaluating marginal policy changes. We characterize how the effects of marginal policy changes depend on the direction of the policy change, and show that marginal policy effects are fundamentally easier to identify and to
Vytlacil, Edward, Carneiro, Pedro, Heckman, James J.   +2 more
core   +2 more sources

Preliminary study of alcohol problem severity and response to brief intervention

Addiction Science & Clinical Practice, 2021
Background Findings have been mixed as to whether brief intervention (BI) is appropriate and effective for individuals with more severe alcohol use problems. Motivation to change drinking has been supported as a mechanism of behavior change for BI.
Lindsay R. Meredith, Erica N. Grodin, Mitchell P. Karno, Amanda K. Montoya, James MacKillop, Aaron C. Lim, Lara A. Ray   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

Causal effect on the number of life years lost due to a specific event: average treatment effect and variable importance [PDF]

Lifetime Data Analysis
Competing risk is a common phenomenon when dealing with time-to-event outcomes in biostatistical applications. An attractive estimand in this setting is the “number of life-years lost due to a specific cause of death”. It provides a direct interpretation
S. C. Ziersen, T. Martinussen
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Dysregulated Cholesterol Metabolism, Chronic Inflammation, and Disability in Severe Progressive Multiple Sclerosis

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Background Dysregulated lipid metabolism, which can affect remyelination and neural repair, has not been extensively investigated in progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS). The goal was to examine whether dysregulated cholesterol metabolism was associated with disability in PMS. Methods The study sample comprised 53 Severe PMS patients (Expanded
Taylor R. Wicks, Mujeeb Shittu, Anna Wolska, Diala Ghazal, Bianca Weinstock‐Guttman, Alexander Burnham, Alan T. Remaley, Robert Zivadinov, Murali Ramanathan   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source