Results 101 to 110 of about 574 (203)
Climate Stress Testing on European SME Securitised Loans Under Climate Mitigation Scenarios
Business Strategy and the Environment, EarlyView.ABSTRACT Assessing the future impact of climate risks on the probability of default (PD) of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) is challenging due to limited disclosure, policy uncertainty and exposure to physical risks. This paper addresses this gap by integrating macroeconomic variables from the Network for Greening the Financial System (NGFS ...
Luca Zanin, Raffaella Calabrese
wiley +1 more source
Business Strategy and the Environment, EarlyView.ABSTRACT Although cross‐sector collaborations drive innovation, organizational policies as legitimation signals attracting such collaborations remain unexplored. This study examines the mediating role of environmental partnerships between organizational policies and environmental innovation.
Jose Nicolas Pacheco +3 more
wiley +1 more source
The Heat Is On: Climate Change–Related Challenges and SMEs' R&D Activities
Business Strategy and the Environment, EarlyView.ABSTRACT Investing in R&D is a key way for small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) to develop capabilities that are required to respond to climate change–related challenges. However, the extent to which such challenges affect SMEs' R&D activities remains a critical gap in the literature.
Gráinne Gibson +3 more
wiley +1 more source
Synthese, 1999 A definition is proposed to give precise meaning to the counterfactual statements that often appear in discussions of the implications of quantum mechanics. Of particular interest are counterfactual statements which involve events occurring at space-like separated points, which do not have an absolute time ordering. Some consequences of this definition
openaire +3 more sources
Carbon Markets and Green Innovation: Path‐Dependent Firm Responses to Emissions Trading
Business Strategy and the Environment, EarlyView.ABSTRACT This paper identifies a dynamic boundary condition of the Porter hypothesis by examining how firms' pre‐existing innovation trajectories shape regulatory‐induced green innovation within the context of a market‐based carbon policy. Building on path dependency theory, we argue that firms' responses to environmental regulation are contingent on ...
Rushi Chen, Effie Kesidou, Peter Howley
wiley +1 more source
Counterfactual Fairness by Combining Factual and Counterfactual Predictions
Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 37In high-stake domains such as healthcare and hiring, the role of machine learning (ML) in decision-making raises significant fairness concerns. This work focuses on Counterfactual Fairness (CF), which posits that an ML model's outcome on any individual should remain unchanged if they had belonged to a different demographic group.
Zeyu Zhou +5 more
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Business Strategy and the Environment, EarlyView.ABSTRACT This study systematically reviews impact risk in impact investing to identify its dimensions, drivers, governance responses, and interrelationships. Drawing on a qualitative thematic analysis of 56 articles published between 2011 and 2025, the review integrates previously fragmented research on impact‐related risks.
Syrus M. Islam, Claire Cui
wiley +1 more source
Decision Theory and Proof Standards for Future Crimes: Possible Uses and Open Questions
Behavioral Sciences &the Law, EarlyView.ABSTRACT What should be the proof standard for applying preventive criminal sanctions based on an establishment of risk of reoffending? This is an open question in legal systems around the world. Various authors suggest that we can answer it by using decision theory. This approach conceptualises the proof standard as a probabilistic threshold. A person
Hylke Jellema, Johannes Bijlsma
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counterfactuals : An R Package for Counterfactual Explanation Methods
Journal of Statistical Software49 pages LaTeX, updated benchmark ...
Susanne Dandl +4 more
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Clinical Pharmacology &Therapeutics, EarlyView.Exposure–response (E–R) analyses of sunitinib in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) have supported concentration‐guided dose escalation. However, such analyses may be biased when exposure metrics incorporate post‐baseline dose modifications, time‐varying apparent clearance, or baseline factors that influence both pharmacokinetics and clinical ...
Han Liu, Lena E. Friberg
wiley +1 more source