Results 241 to 250 of about 75,603 (294)
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Dermal absorption of dihalomethane vapors
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 1985The dermal absorption of dibromomethane (DBM) and bromochloromethane (BCM) vapors was studied in rats placed in a specially designed chamber incorporating individual respiratory protection to avoid pulmonary uptake. Exposures (DBM: 500 to 10,000 ppm; BCM: 2500 to 40,000 ppm) lasted 4 hr during which time five blood samples were drawn from jugular ...
J N, McDougal +3 more
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Pharmacokinetic models of dermal absorption
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2001Many studies have used pharmacokinetic (compartment) models for skin to predict or analyze dermal absorption of chemicals. Comparing these models is difficult because the relationships between rate constants and the physicochemical parameters were not always defined clearly, simplifying assumptions built into models sometimes were not stated, and which
K D, McCarley, A L, Bunge
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Toxicological Sciences, 2000
The article highlighted in this issue is "Comparative in Vitro-in Vivo Percutaneous Absorption of the Pesticide Propoxur" by Johannes J. M. van de Sandt, Wim J. A. Meuling, Graham R. Elliott, Nicole H. P. Cnubben, and Betty C. Hakkert (pp 15-22).
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The article highlighted in this issue is "Comparative in Vitro-in Vivo Percutaneous Absorption of the Pesticide Propoxur" by Johannes J. M. van de Sandt, Wim J. A. Meuling, Graham R. Elliott, Nicole H. P. Cnubben, and Betty C. Hakkert (pp 15-22).
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Mathematical models for dermal drug absorption
Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology, 2015Mathematical models of dermal transport offer the advantages of being much faster and less expensive than in vitro or in vivo studies. The number of methods used to create such models has been increasing rapidly, probably due to the steady rise in computational power.
Dominik, Selzer +2 more
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On the Dermal Absorption of Cocaine
Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 1990A 5-mg dose of cocaine free base applied to the volar forearm skin surface of a volunteer resulted in a maximal urinary benzoylecgonine concentration of 55 ng/mL at 48 h, using discrete urine specimens. A total of 58 micrograms of benzoylecgonine, representing 1.2% of the dose, was excreted in the 96-h urine.
R C, Baselt, J Y, Chang, D M, Yoshikawa
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2010
The focus of this chapter is on modeling the absorption of chemical pollutants into and across human skin. The skin is a primary route of systemic exposure to a number of environmental pollutants either directly as neat chemicals, in aqueous solution when exposure is to polluted water, or in complex solvents when exposure occurs secondary to contact at
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The focus of this chapter is on modeling the absorption of chemical pollutants into and across human skin. The skin is a primary route of systemic exposure to a number of environmental pollutants either directly as neat chemicals, in aqueous solution when exposure is to polluted water, or in complex solvents when exposure occurs secondary to contact at
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Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, 1983
The objectives of this study were to determine the dermal absorption, systemic elimination, and dermal wash efficiency for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). 14C-Labeled 42% PCB and 14C-labeled 54% PCB were topically and parenterally administered to rhesus monkeys and guinea pigs. Dermal absorption, determined by 14C urinary excretion, was extensive. In
R C, Wester +3 more
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The objectives of this study were to determine the dermal absorption, systemic elimination, and dermal wash efficiency for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). 14C-Labeled 42% PCB and 14C-labeled 54% PCB were topically and parenterally administered to rhesus monkeys and guinea pigs. Dermal absorption, determined by 14C urinary excretion, was extensive. In
R C, Wester +3 more
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Dermal Absorption of Phthalate Diesters in Rats
Toxicological Sciences, 1989This study examined the extent of dermal absorption of a series of phthalate diesters in the rat. Those tested were dimethyl, diethyl, dibutyl, diisobutyl, dihexyl, di(2-ethylhexyl), diisodecyl, and benzyl butyl phthalate. Hair from a skin area (1.3 cm in diameter) on the back of male F344 rats was clipped, the [14C]phthalate diester was applied in a ...
A E, Elsisi, D E, Carter, I G, Sipes
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Gastrointestinal and Dermal Absorption: Interspecies Differences
Drug Metabolism Reviews, 1984It has been repeatedly demonstrated that there are considerable interspecies differences with respect to the dermal absorptions of a chemically diverse set of substances, ranging from ionic substances to complex organic molecules, some of which are of great relevance to environmental/occupational health (e.g., the organophosphate insecticides).
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Parallel Dermal Subcompartments for Modeling Chemical Absorption
SAR and QSAR in Environmental Research, 1997Understanding the absorption of chemicals through the skin is of importance to many fields of study. Biologically-based models can be used to simulate the absorption process and predict the rate of absorption and the amount of the chemical in various parts of the body and skin.
R L, Bookout, D W, Quinn, J N, McDougal
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