Experimental Basis for the High Oral Toxicity of Dinophysistoxin 1: A Comparative Study of DSP [PDF]
Toxins, 2014 Okadaic acid (OA) and its analogues, dinophysistoxin 1 (DTX1) and dinophysistoxin 2 (DTX2), are lipophilic and heat-stable marine toxins produced by dinoflagellates, which can accumulate in filter-feeding bivalves.
Diego A. Fernández +5 more
doaj +4 more sources
Identification of 24-O-β-d-Glycosides and 7-Deoxy-Analogues of Okadaic Acid and Dinophysistoxin-1 and -2 in Extracts from Dinophysis Blooms, Dinophysis and Prorocentrum Cultures, and Shellfish in Europe, North America and Australasia [PDF]
Toxins, 2021 Two high-mass polar compounds were observed in aqueous side-fractions from the purification of okadaic acid (1) and dinophysistoxin-2 (2) from Dinophysis blooms in Spain and Norway.
Alistair L. Wilkins +12 more
doaj +2 more sources
Okadaic Acid Is at Least as Toxic as Dinophysistoxin-1 after Repeated Administration to Mice by Gavage [PDF]
Toxins, 2023 Okadaic acid (OA) and its analogues cause diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) in humans, and risk assessments of these toxins require toxicity equivalency factors (TEFs), which represent the relative toxicities of analogues.
Se Yong Park +6 more
doaj +2 more sources
Detection of Dinophysistoxin-1 in Clonal Culture of Marine Dinoflagellate Prorocentrum foraminosum (Faust M.A., 1993) from the Sea of Japan [PDF]
Toxins, 2015 For the first time the presence of dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX-1) in a culture of Prorocentrum foraminosum was revealed in cells and in the culture medium. The clone was isolated from coastal waters of the Sea of Japan and identified by molecular analyses of ...
Polina A. Kameneva +3 more
doaj +2 more sources
Effects of Dinoflagellate Toxins Okadaic Acid and Dinophysistoxin-1 and -2 on the Microcrustacean Artemia franciscana [PDF]
ToxinsHarmful algal blooms are an expanding phenomenon negatively impacting human health, socio-economic welfare, and ecosystems. Such events increase the risk of marine organisms’ exposure to algal toxins with consequent ecological effects. In this frame, the
Federica Cavion +7 more
doaj +2 more sources
Growth, Toxin Content and Production of Dinophysis Norvegica in Cultured Strains Isolated from Funka Bay (Japan) [PDF]
Toxins, 2023 The successful cultivation of Dinophysis norvegica Claparède & Lachmann, 1859, isolated from Japanese coastal waters, is presented in this study, which also includes an examination of its toxin content and production for the first time.
Satoshi Nagai +8 more
doaj +2 more sources
DSP Toxin Distribution across Organs in Mice after Acute Oral Administration [PDF]
Marine Drugs, 2021 Okadaic acid (OA) and its main structural analogs dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1) and dinophysistoxin-2 (DTX2) are marine lipophilic phycotoxins distributed worldwide that can be accumulated by edible shellfish and can cause diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP).
M. Carmen Louzao +8 more
doaj +2 more sources
Regular exposure to low dose of diarrheic shellfish toxins: Implications for the seafood consumer [PDF]
Current Research in Food ScienceDiarrhetic shellfish toxins (DSTs) are marine biotoxins produced by the dinoflagellates Dinophysis and Prorocentrum that cause gastrointestinal illness in humans worldwide.
Luis Rodríguez-Santos +12 more
doaj +2 more sources
Dissolved Algal Toxins along the Southern Coast of British Columbia Canada [PDF]
Toxins, 2023 Harmful algal blooms (HABs) in coastal British Columbia (BC), Canada, negatively impact the salmon aquaculture industry. One disease of interest to salmon aquaculture is Net Pen Liver Disease (NPLD), which induces severe liver damage and is believed to ...
Ryan B. Shartau +6 more
doaj +2 more sources
Isolation and Structural Identification of New Diol Esters of Okadaic Acid and Dinophysistoxin-1 from the Cultured Prorocentrum lima [PDF]
ToxinsProrocentrum, a dinoflagellate responsible for producing diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins, poses significant threats to marine ecosystems, aquaculture industries, and human health. DSP toxins, including okadaic acid (OA), dinophysis toxin (DTX)
Yeong Kwang Ji +5 more
doaj +2 more sources