Results 221 to 230 of about 1,258,420 (289)

Mental health problems as mediators between childhood trauma and cardiometabolic risk behaviours in the 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, EarlyView.
Background Childhood trauma is associated with greater engagement in health risk behaviours (HRBs) that predispose to cardiometabolic disease. However, the mechanisms underlying these associations remain poorly understood. Mental health problems are hypothesised to mediate links between trauma and HRBs, but prospective evidence is limited, particularly
Sophie Townend, Gemma Hammerton, Graeme Fairchild, Megan Bailey, Jon Heron, Abigail Fraser, Luciana Tovo‐Rodrigues, Iná S. Santos, Aluísio J.D. Barros, Inácio Crochemore‐Silva, Sarah L. Halligan, Alicia Matijasevich   +11 more
wiley   +1 more source

Directed Acyclic Graphs in Decision-Analytic Modeling: Bridging Causal Inference and Effective Model Design in Medical Decision Making. [PDF]

Med Decis Making
Dijk SW, Korf M, Labrecque JA, Pandya A, Ferket BS, Hallsson LR, Wong JB, Siebert U, Hunink MGM.   +8 more
europepmc   +1 more source

Controlled Drug Use and Falls in Older People With Neurogenic Claudication: Secondary Analysis of the BOOST RCT

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Background Controlled pain medications increase the risk of falls. Despite this, they are commonly prescribed for painful neurogenic claudication. Previously, we reported that the Better Outcomes for Older People with Spinal Trouble (BOOST) program improved walking and reduced overall falls at 12 months.
Helen Richmond‐Davies, Paul Newell, John Richmond, Javed Iqbal, Esther Williamson, Cynthia Srikesavan, Graham Boniface, Sarah E. Lamb, on behalf of the BOOST Research Group   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

Opioid Use Is Associated With Lower Health‐Related Quality of Life Among Community‐Dwelling Older Australians: A Cross‐Sectional Study From STAREE

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, EarlyView.
Graphical summary of the association between prescribed opioid use and poorer health related quality of life among community dwelling older adults in the STAREE trial. This analysis included adjustments for all SF 36 domains, with associations persisting after adjustment for sociodemographic, clinical and psychosocial factors.
Caroline Turlejski, Brayden Ng Gibson, Harvey Jia Wei Koh, Kendal Chidwick, Danijela Gasevic, Chris Moran, Ingrid Hopper, Mark R. Nelson, Christopher M. Reid, Andrea J. Curtis, Simone Spark, Zachary Flanagan, Rory Wolfe, Sophia Zoungas, Stella Talic   +14 more
wiley   +1 more source

Salivary Viscosity as a Non‐Invasive Candidate Biomarker Associated With Aspiration Risk in Oculopharyngeal Muscular Dystrophy

Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, EarlyView.
Patients with oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy exhibit disease‐specific salivary hyperviscosity that tracks with dysphagia severity and airway invasion. Non‐invasive chairside screening of salivary viscosity may enable clinicians to stratify aspiration risk during routine care to prevent severe pulmonary complications.
Alex Zvulunov, Rawan Saif, Liraz Olmer, Merav Ben‐David, Limor Benyamini, Amir Dori, Noam Yarom, Lior Greenbaum, Ephraim Tzur, Silvina Friedlander‐Barenboim   +9 more
wiley   +1 more source

Depicting deterministic variables within directed acyclic graphs: an aid for identifying and interpreting causal effects involving derived variables and compositional data. [PDF]

Am J Epidemiol
Berrie L, Arnold KF, Tomova GD, Gilthorpe MS, Tennant PWG.   +4 more
europepmc   +1 more source

Is Sleep Bruxism Associated With General Quality of Life? Insights From the EPISONO Population‐Based Study

Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, EarlyView.
“In this population‐based study, sleep bruxism was assessed using self‐report and polysomnography (PSG), and associations with quality of life were evaluated using the WHOQOL‐Bref. Self‐reported sleep bruxism was associated with lower satisfaction with health and poorer quality of life in the social relationships domain, whereas PSG‐based and combined ...
Eduardo Machado, Jessica Klöckner Knorst, Monica Levy Andersen, Sergio Tufik, Milton Maluly Filho, Thiago Machado Ardenghi, Cibele Dal Fabbro, Dalva Poyares   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Moral hazard induced unraveling: Theory and evidence from the Affordable Care Act

Journal of Risk and Insurance, EarlyView.
Abstract We identify and quantify a new form of welfare loss in insurance markets. We first show theoretically that moral hazard from subsidies for cost‐sharing combined with community rating mimics adverse selection and can unravel insurance markets.
Cameron M. Ellis, Meghan I. Esson, Eli Liebman   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Fairness‐aware insurance pricing: A multi‐objective optimization approach

Journal of Risk and Insurance, EarlyView.
Abstract Machine‐learning models can provide accurate predictions in insurance pricing, but can also increase disparities between protected groups. Existing fairness‐aware pricing approaches typically target one fairness notion at a time, making it difficult to compare trade‐offs between predictive accuracy, group fairness, individual fairness, and ...
Tim J. Boonen, Xinyue Fan, Zixiao Quan
wiley   +1 more source

Rethinking animal attrition in preclinical research: Expressing causal mechanisms of selection bias using directed acyclic graphs. [PDF]

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab
Collazo A, Kuhn HG, Kurth T, Piccininni M, Rohmann JL.   +4 more
europepmc   +1 more source