Results 231 to 240 of about 1,255,138 (288)

Hearing Aid Use Attenuates the Association Between Hearing Loss and Frailty: A 2003–2018 NHANES Cross Sectional Analysis

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, EarlyView.
Conceptual framework illustrating the hypothesized association between hearing loss and frailty, including the confounders and effect measure modifiers evaluated in this study. ABSTRACT Objective To examine the association between objectively measured hearing ability and frailty using the accumulation of deficits model in adults aged ≥ 65 years and ...
Cora Leigh White, Suryaa Gupta, Sarah B. Andrea, Deborah Karasek, Lisa N. Miura, Kelly M. Reavis   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Salivary Viscosity as a Non‐Invasive Candidate Biomarker Associated With Aspiration Risk in Oculopharyngeal Muscular Dystrophy

Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, EarlyView.
Patients with oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy exhibit disease‐specific salivary hyperviscosity that tracks with dysphagia severity and airway invasion. Non‐invasive chairside screening of salivary viscosity may enable clinicians to stratify aspiration risk during routine care to prevent severe pulmonary complications.
Alex Zvulunov, Rawan Saif, Liraz Olmer, Merav Ben‐David, Limor Benyamini, Amir Dori, Noam Yarom, Lior Greenbaum, Ephraim Tzur, Silvina Friedlander‐Barenboim   +9 more
wiley   +1 more source

Moral hazard induced unraveling: Theory and evidence from the Affordable Care Act

Journal of Risk and Insurance, EarlyView.
Abstract We identify and quantify a new form of welfare loss in insurance markets. We first show theoretically that moral hazard from subsidies for cost‐sharing combined with community rating mimics adverse selection and can unravel insurance markets.
Cameron M. Ellis, Meghan I. Esson, Eli Liebman   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Fairness‐aware insurance pricing: A multi‐objective optimization approach

Journal of Risk and Insurance, EarlyView.
Abstract Machine‐learning models can provide accurate predictions in insurance pricing, but can also increase disparities between protected groups. Existing fairness‐aware pricing approaches typically target one fairness notion at a time, making it difficult to compare trade‐offs between predictive accuracy, group fairness, individual fairness, and ...
Tim J. Boonen, Xinyue Fan, Zixiao Quan
wiley   +1 more source

A Principled Framework for Mendelian Randomization in Oral Health Research

Journal of Periodontal Research, EarlyView.
This methodological article provides a clear and accessible overview of Mendelian randomization for oral health researchers, emphasizing the core assumptions needed for credible causal inference. Focusing on applications in oral health, particularly periodontitis, it highlights both the strengths and limitations of the study design in order to support ...
Nasir Z. Bashir, Mario Romandini, Moritz Kebschull, Konstantinos K. Tsilidis, Dominique S. Michaud, Stephen Burgess   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Clarifying Causal Effects of Interest and Underlying Assumptions in Randomized and Nonrandomized Clinical Trials in Oncology Using Directed Acyclic Graphs and Single-World Intervention Graphs. [PDF]

JCO Clin Cancer Inform
Tanaka S, Muramatsu Y, Inoue K.
europepmc   +1 more source

Cross‐Sectional Studies: Strengths, Limitations, and Methodological Considerations

Journal of Periodontal Research, EarlyView.
Cross‐sectional studies measure variables at a single time point to estimate prevalence and support descriptive epidemiology ‐ characterizing population health, tracking trends via repeated surveys – and for developing and validating screening instruments and diagnostic models.
Sebastian‐Edgar Baumeister, Thomas Kocher, Panos N. Papapanou, Birte Holtfreter, Ryan T. Demmer   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Using Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) to Determine if the Total Causal Effect of an Individual Randomized Physical Activity-Promoting Intervention is Identifiable. [PDF]

Meas Phys Educ Exerc Sci
Myers ND, Brincks AM, Lee S.
europepmc   +1 more source

Target Trial Emulation in Observational Research—Strengths, Limitations, and Methodological Considerations

Journal of Periodontal Research, EarlyView.
The target trial framework is a pragmatic roadmap for observational causal inference that clarifies questions, mitigates time‐related bias, and improves interpretability while acknowledging limits. With transparent protocols, appropriate methods, and suitable data, it can complement randomized trials and inform practice and policy.
Sebastian‐Edgar Baumeister, Ignacio Leiva‐Escobar, Ryan T. Demmer, Panos N. Papapanou, Thomas Kocher, Birte Holtfreter, Michael Nolde   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source