RNA polymerase V-dependent small RNAs in Arabidopsis originate from small, intergenic loci including most SINE repeats. [PDF]
In plants, heterochromatin is maintained by a small RNA-based gene silencing mechanism known as RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM). RdDM requires the non-redundant functions of two plant-specific DNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RNAP), RNAP IV and RNAP V.
Chen, Xuemei+7 more
core +2 more sources
Mechanical Properties of Transcription [PDF]
Recently the physical characterization of a number of biological processes has proven indispensable for a full understanding of natural phenomena. One such example is the mechanical properties of transcription, which have been shown to have significant effects in gene expression.
arxiv +1 more source
Single-peptide DNA-dependent RNA polymerase homologous to multi-subunit RNA polymerase [PDF]
Transcription in all living organisms is accomplished by multi-subunit RNA polymerases (msRNAPs). msRNAPs are highly conserved in evolution and invariably share a B400 kDa five-subunit catalytic core.
Forrest, David+3 more
core +2 more sources
The first peptides: the evolutionary transition between prebiotic amino acids and early proteins [PDF]
The issues we attempt to tackle here are what the first peptides did look like when they emerged on the primitive earth, and what simple catalytic activities they fulfilled.
Buhrman, Harry+4 more
core +5 more sources
Primase-polymerases are a functionally diverse superfamily of replication and repair enzymes [PDF]
Until relatively recently, DNA primases were viewed simply as a class of proteins that synthesize short RNA primers requisite for the initiation of DNA replication.
Aidan J. Doherty+17 more
core +1 more source
Small RNA pathways act at the front line of defence against transposable elements across the Eukaryota. In animals, Piwi interacting small RNAs (piRNAs) are a crucial arm of this defence.
Peter Sarkies+14 more
doaj +1 more source
Fluorescent labeling of plasmid DNA and mRNA : gains and losses of current labeling strategies [PDF]
Live-cell imaging has provided the life sciences with insights into the cell biology and dynamics. Fluorescent labeling of target molecules proves to be indispensable in this regard. In this Review, we focus on the current fluorescent labeling strategies
Rombouts, Koen+2 more
core +1 more source
Uncovering the effect of RNA polymerase steric interactions on gene expression noise: analytical distributions of nascent and mature RNA numbers [PDF]
The telegraph model is the standard model of stochastic gene expression, which can be solved exactly to obtain the distribution of mature RNA numbers per cell. A modification of this model also leads to an analytical distribution of the nascent RNA numbers. These solutions are routinely used for the analysis of single-cell data, including the inference
arxiv
Translesion synthesis DNA polymerase η exhibits a specific RNA extension activity and a transcription-associated function [PDF]
We thank Andres Aguilera for providing the pCYC-LacZ plasmid for the GLRO experiments, and Szilvia Minorits for technical assistance. This work was also supported by grants from the National Research, Development and Innovation Office: GINOP-2.3.2-15 ...
Balint, Eva+5 more
core +3 more sources
Ribonucleolytic resection is required for repair of strand displaced nonhomologous end-joining intermediates [PDF]
Nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathways repair DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in eukaryotes and many prokaryotes, although it is not reported to operate in the third domain of life, archaea. Here, we describe a complete NHEJ complex, consisting of DNA
Bartlett, Edward+2 more
core +1 more source