Results 61 to 70 of about 2,624,902 (305)

Liver organoids: modelling complexity in homeostasis and disease

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Studying liver in vitro has been challenging because simple 2D cell cultures fail to capture liver's cellular and architectural complexity. To bridge this gap, scientists increasingly use organoids, 3D liver models which better mimic liver composition and function. This review examines recent advances in liver organoid complexity and realism, discusses
Anna M. Dowbaj, Meritxell Huch
wiley   +1 more source

Characterization of human translesion DNA synthesis across a UV-induced DNA lesion

eLife, 2016
Translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) during S-phase uses specialized TLS DNA polymerases to replicate a DNA lesion, allowing stringent DNA synthesis to resume beyond the offending damage.
Mark Hedglin, Binod Pandey, Stephen J Benkovic   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Synergistic perspectives—How single‐molecule biophysics complement biochemical understanding

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
In this review, we discuss how ensemble biochemistry and single‐molecule approaches are complementary, outline commonly used single‐molecule techniques, and illustrate their relevance through two representative case studies: chromatin organization by SMC complexes and pathway choice during DNA double‐strand break repair.
Sara De Bragança, Eline L. Jansen, Jorine M. Eeftens   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

DNA polymerase α (swi7) and the flap endonuclease fen1 (rad2) act together in the s-phase alkylation damage response in S. pombe [PDF]

, 2012
Polymerase α is an essential enzyme mainly mediating Okazaki fragment synthesis during lagging strand replication. A specific point mutation in Schizosaccharomyces pombe polymerase α named swi7-1, abolishes imprinting required for mating-type switching ...
Koulintchenko Milana, Koulintchenko, Milana, Milana Koulintchenko, Sonya Vengrova, Vengrova S., Dalgaard Jacob Z., Trevor Eydmann, Prakash Arumugam, Eydmann Trevor, Koulintchenko M., Arumugam P., Vengrova, Sonya, Arumugam Prakash, Jacob Z. Dalgaard, Arumugam, Prakash, Eydmann T., Eydmann, Trevor, Dalgaard, Jacob Z., Jacob Z Dalgaard, Dalgaard J.Z., Vengrova Sonya   +20 more
core   +2 more sources

Utility of the Bacteriophage RB69 Polymerase gp43 as a Surrogate Enzyme for Herpesvirus Orthologs

Viruses, 2013
Viral polymerases are important targets in drug discovery and development efforts. Most antiviral compounds that are currently approved for treatment of infection with members of the herpesviridae family were shown to inhibit the viral DNA polymerase ...
Nicholas Bennett, Matthias Götte
doaj   +1 more source

Structural and biochemical analysis of a B12 superbinder

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
BtuG proteins are vitamin B12 scavengers in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a dominant human gut bacterium. We present crystal structures of three BtuG homologs bound to cobalamin and its precursor cobinamide, revealing picomolar binding affinities, among the highest known for any natural protein.
Jose M. Martinez Felices, Jacob J. Whittaker, Dirk J. Slotboom, Albert Guskov   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Defective interaction between Pol2p and Dpb2p, subunits of DNA polymerase epsilon, contributes to a mutator phenotype in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. [PDF]

, 2009
Most of the prokaryotic and eukaryotic replicative polymerases are multi-subunit complexes. There are several examples indicating that noncatalytic subunits of DNA polymerases may function as fidelity factors during replication process.
Flis, Krzysztof, Jonczyk, Piotr, Rudzka, Justyna, Campbell, Judith L, Kraszewska, Joanna, Polaczek, Piotr, Fijalkowska, Iwona J., Jaszczur, Małgorzata   +7 more
core   +1 more source

From junk to function — How weak selection in eukaryotes builds new parts and drives genomic complexity

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
How do genomes gain new functional parts? In eukaryotes, which tend to evolve under weak selection, much of the genome is junk. Palazzo and Qiu borrow the logic of Markov chains to show how non‐functional DNA becomes functional through the appearance of intermediate states, which arise due to epistasis, buffering, and biochemical messiness, allowing ...
Alexander F. Palazzo, Yi Qiu
wiley   +1 more source

The Shewanella oneidensis Fic enzyme SoFic targets the switch‐I region of EF‐Tu for AMPylation

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Fic enzymes mediate diverse post‐translational modifications across all domains of life, including AMPylation. Prokaryotic EF‐Tu can be AMPylated and deAMPylated by the conserved Fic enzyme SoFic. Structural and biochemical approaches were used to characterize the effect of AMPylation on EF‐Tu, SoFic's enzymatic activities, and the enzyme‐target ...
Svenja Runge, Vivian Pogenberg, Alexander Baumgart, Bente Siebels, Hartmut Schlüter, Michael Hecht‐Bucher, Aymelt Itzen   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

The molecular basis of nucleotide recognition for T7 DNA polymerase [PDF]

, 2008
textDNA replication demands extraordinary specificity and efficiency of catalysis from a DNA polymerase. Previous studies on several DNA polymerases suggested that a rate-limiting conformational change preceding chemistry accounts for the high ...
Jin, Zhinan, 1972-
core   +1 more source