ABSTRACT The Common European Framework of Reference for languages (CEFR) is widely used as a reference for language teaching and learning. However, providing vocabulary size (VS) estimates is beyond the CEFR's original aim. Previous research has also shown that learners’ receptive VS is related to overall proficiency and to the four language skills ...
Ferran Gesa
wiley +1 more source
Relationship among motivation, vocabulary learning strategies and the breadth of vocabulary knowledge: A structural equation modeling study on second language learning. [PDF]
Yang C, Yu X, Li H.
europepmc +1 more source
Writing Instruction to Support Literacy Success
This volume will feature prominent researchers sharing evidence-based successes partnering with teachers in K-12 classrooms. It will have 3 sub-sections according to grade level appropriate instruction: K-3, 4-8, 9-12. As a result the book will have wide
Cheek, Earl H., Jr. +2 more
core
ABSTRACT While the benefits of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) in supporting various cognitive processes in writing have been documented, most research has examined single stages of the writing process and focused on university students. This study addresses this gap by developing a domain‐specific GenAI chatbot and embedding it within a ...
Kit Ling LAU +2 more
wiley +1 more source
Fostering speaking gains through flipped instruction: a mixed-methods study of self-regulation, motivation, and foreign language classroom anxiety in Chinese EFL learners. [PDF]
Yuan Z, Lu Y.
europepmc +1 more source
Individual Differences and Task Complexity in Second Language Writing: A Methodological Review
ABSTRACT This article provides a methodological review of empirical studies on second language (L2) writing and task complexity that have investigated the role of learner individual differences (IDs) in L2 writing processes and outcomes. Thirty journal articles published between 2005 and 2025 were coded for key theoretical, methodological (including ID
Janire Zalbidea, Bernard I. Issa
wiley +1 more source
AI-Mediated Informal Digital Learning of English for Speaking Development: Longitudinal Effects on Ability and Affect and Implications for Adaptive Intelligence. [PDF]
Jia D, Chen X, Wang Y.
europepmc +1 more source
ABSTRACT In English Medium Instruction (EMI) contexts, students face simultaneous linguistic and academic demands. Although psychological capital (PsyCap) has been recognized as an important psychological resource for academic success, less is known about whether its effects depend on students’ academic English literacy (AEL).
Hao Wu, Heath Rose
wiley +1 more source
Transforming uncertainty into exploration: effects of text-to-image AI on EFL learners' writing anxiety, motivation, and performance. [PDF]
Chen D.
europepmc +1 more source
ABSTRACT Motivation plays a pivotal role in second/foreign language (L2) learning, yet it often fluctuates in response to academic and emotional challenges. Despite its importance, the temporal variability of L2 learning motivation remains underexplored.
Youngmi Kim, Tae‐Young Kim
wiley +1 more source

