Results 311 to 320 of about 356,983 (328)
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Serpinopathy and endoplasmic reticulum stress
Medical Molecular Morphology, 2005We have recently identified a novel human gene, megsin, which is a new serine protease inhibitor (serpin) predominantly expressed in the kidney. Our previous studies suggested a role of megsin in the pathogenesis of human renal diseases, but its exact biopathological significance remained unknown.
Toshio, Miyata +3 more
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Immunity
Annual Review of Immunology, 2015Immune responses occur in the midst of a variety of cellular stresses that can severely perturb endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function. The unfolded protein response is a three-pronged signaling axis dedicated to preserving ER homeostasis. In this review, we highlight many important and emerging functional roles for ER stress in immunity, focusing on how ...
Sarah E, Bettigole, Laurie H, Glimcher
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Endoplasmic reticulum stress responses
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 2007In homeostasis, cellular processes are in a dynamic equilibrium. Perturbation of homeostasis causes stress. In this review I summarize how perturbation of three major functions of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in eukaryotic cells -- protein folding, lipid and sterol biosynthesis, and storing intracellular Ca(2+) -- causes ER stress and activates ...
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Parkin and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2003Abstract: Autosomal‐recessive juvenile parkinsonism (AR‐JP) is caused by mutations in the parkin gene. Parkin protein is characterized by a ubiquitin‐like domain at its NH2 terminus and by two RING finger motifs and one IBR (in between RING finger) motif at its COOH‐terminus (RING‐IBR‐RING). We showed that the parkin protein is an E3 ubiquitin ligase,
Ryosuke, Takahashi +3 more
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InterfERing with endoplasmic reticulum stress
Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 2012Stress to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a recognized factor in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, diabetes, heart disease, liver disorders and cancer. Thus, drugs that interfere with ER stress have wide therapeutic potential. Here we review the effects of drugs on three arms of ER stress: the protein kinase RNA-activated (PKR)-like ER kinase ...
Honorata, Kraskiewicz, Una, FitzGerald
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Disease
2016Proper protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is subject to alterations in the extracellular, as well as the intracellular environment. The accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER activates the unfolded protein response (UPR), a collection of adaptive signaling pathways that are essential to maintain protein-folding homeostasis in all ...
R. J. Kaufman, L. Popolo
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Autophagy
2019In 1945, K. R. Porter et al. observed mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and found that the cytoplasmic part of the cell had an unreported reticular structure, so it was named endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The major functions of the endoplasmic reticulum are: synthesis of intracellular proteins and the modification and processing of proteins.
Zhihao, Qi, Linxi, Chen
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Endoplasmic reticulum stress in brain ischemia
International Journal of Neuroscience, 2015Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is an intricate mechanism that mediates numerous responses during brain ischemia, thus being essential to determine the fate of neurons. In recent years, studies of the mechanisms of brain ischemic injury have centered on ER stress, glutamate excitotoxicity, dysfunction of mitochondria, inflammatory reactions, calcium ...
Yingchao, Su, Feng, Li
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Obesity
2017In recent years, the world has seen an alarming increase in obesity and is closely associated with insulin resistance, which is a state of low-grade inflammation, the latter characterized by elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines in blood and tissues.
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Endoplasmic reticulum stress and glucose homeostasis
Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, 2011Balancing glucose homeostasis is crucial to maintain appropriate energy and metabolic state. Chronic hyperglycemia with insulin resistance and development of type II diabetes mellitus is a growing health and health-economic threat. The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a mechanism by which the endoplasmic reticulum copes with diverse physiological and
Martin, Wagner, David D, Moore
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