Results 111 to 120 of about 57,609 (169)

The ratio of equivalent mutants: A key to analyzing mutation equivalence

Journal of Systems and Software, 2021
Abstract Mutation testing is the art of generating syntactic versions (called mutants) of a base program, and is widely used in software testing, most notably the assessment of test suites. Mutants are useful only to the extent that they are semantically distinct from the base program, but some may well be semantically equivalent to the base program,
Imen Marsit, Amani Ayad, David Kim, Monsour Latif, JiMeng Loh, Mohamed Nazih Omri, Ali Mili   +6 more
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Equivalence Ratio Meter

SAE Technical Paper Series, 1977
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Mixture strength, or equivalence ratio, is the primary factor affecting the fuel consumption and exhaust emissions of a gasoline engine. A new instrument has recently been developed to monitor equivalence ratio. The response time of the instrument is 1/2 second, so that the effects of engine transient conditions ...
R. A. Haslett, T. M. Eidson
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Making Sense of Equivalent Ratios

Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School, 2018
A framework using contexts, language, and representations can support middle school students' justifications.
Nesrin Cengiz, Margaret Rathouz
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Fourier-ratio deconvolution and its Bayesian equivalent

Micron, 2008
We discuss how an inner-shell electron energy-loss spectrum can be processed using Bayesian (maximum-entropy or maximum-likelihood) deconvolution to simultaneously remove plural scattering and improve the energy resolution. As in Fourier-ratio deconvolution, a low-loss spectrum (recorded from the same area of specimen) is used as a kernel or resolution
Egerton, R. F., Wang, F., Malac, M., Moreno, M. S., Hofer, F.   +4 more
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Four Ways to Determine Equivalent Ratios

Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School, 2018
Ratios and proportions are important concepts that occur in real life, but they are difficult to learn and complicated to teach (Lamon 2007). In general, proportional reasoning in the middle grades is an area in need of attention because of its connection to later concepts (Ojose 2015).
Ricardo Martinez, Ji Yeong
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Trapped equivalence ratio determination in two-stroke engines

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 2022
The chemical composition of the trapped fuel-air-residual gas mixture controls the nature of combustion in internal combustion engines and thus serves as a key determinant of the ensuing emissions and work production processes. A frequently used trapped composition metric for engine control is the trapped equivalence ratio.
Abdullah U Bajwa, Mark Patterson, Timothy J Jacobs   +2 more
openaire   +1 more source

Equivalence of likelihood ratio tests and obliquity

Statistics & Probability Letters, 1992
zbMATH Open Web Interface contents unavailable due to conflicting licenses.
Menéndez, J. A., Salvador, B.
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Premixed flame response to equivalence ratio perturbations

Combustion Theory and Modelling, 2010
This paper studies the heat-release oscillation response of premixed flames to oscillations in reactant stream fuel/air ratio. Prior analyses have studied this problem in the linear regime and have shown that heat release dynamics are controlled by the superposition of three processes: flame speed, heat of reaction, and flame surface area oscillations.
null Shreekrishna, Santosh Hemchandra, Tim Lieuwen   +2 more
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Equivalent slenderness ratio for built-up members

Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 1993
Built-up struts that buckle about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the connectors should be treated as a "built-up" member as opposed to a "simple" member. This mode of buckling causes shear and moments in the connectors which deform the connectors.
Murray C. Temple, Ghada Elmahdy
openaire   +1 more source