Results 221 to 230 of about 45,266 (257)
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Excitotoxicity and mitochondria
Biochemical Society Symposia, 1999Excitotoxicity is the process whereby a massive glutamate release in the central nervous system in response to ischaemia or related trauma leads to the delayed, predominantly necrotic death of neurons. Excitotoxicity is also implicated in a variety of slow neurodegenerative disorders.
Samantha L. Budd +3 more
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Neurology, 1996
This review will summarize current understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of excitotoxicity, the organization of glutamate systems in relation to ALS and evidence that excitotoxicity is relevant to the pathogenesis of ALS.
B. S. Meldrum, P. N. Leigh
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This review will summarize current understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of excitotoxicity, the organization of glutamate systems in relation to ALS and evidence that excitotoxicity is relevant to the pathogenesis of ALS.
B. S. Meldrum, P. N. Leigh
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Excitotoxicity in the Pathogenesis of Autism
Neurotoxicity Research, 2012Autism is a debilitating neurodevelopment disorder characterised by stereotyped interests and behaviours, and abnormalities in verbal and non-verbal communication. It is a multifactorial disorder resulting from interactions between genetic, environmental and immunological factors.
Selvaraju Subash +5 more
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Excitotoxicity in glial cells [PDF]
European Journal of Pharmacology, 2002 Excitotoxicity results from prolonged activation of glutamate receptors expressed by cells in the central nervous system (CNS). This cell death mechanism was first discovered in retinal ganglion cells and subsequently in brain neurons. In addition, it has been recently observed that CNS glial cells can also undergo excitotoxicity.
Gaskon Ibarretxe +3 more
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Pathophysiology of oligodendroglial excitotoxicity
Journal of Neuroscience Research, 1996Oligodendrocyte-like cells (OLD) derived from the rat oligodendroglial precursor line, CG-4, express Ca(2+)-permeable non-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor channels (GluR). Exposure to kainate, an L-glutamate analogue, markedly elevates OLC Ca2+ influx and cytosolic [Ca2+], and results in damage to both OLC plasma membrane and OLC nuclear DNA.
Akira Yoshioka +2 more
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Excitotoxicity and neurodegenerative diseases
Current Opinion in Neurology, 1995Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system and a neurotoxin (excitotoxin) that has the potential to destroy neurones by activation of ionotropic receptors. In contrast to the well documented role of glutamate in the pathogenesis of neuronal degeneration resulting from hypoxia/ischaemia, hypoglycaemia, status ...
Chrysanthy Ikonomidou, Lechoslaw Turski
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2018
First proposed > 45 years ago, excitotoxicity has been implicated as a primary and secondary cause of cell death in both acute and chronic neuronal degeneration. Excitotoxicity is a pathophysiological mechanism in which excess excitation of the neuron via the transmitter glutamate leads to cell death through many distinct cell death cascades, all of ...
Yi Na Dong +4 more
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First proposed > 45 years ago, excitotoxicity has been implicated as a primary and secondary cause of cell death in both acute and chronic neuronal degeneration. Excitotoxicity is a pathophysiological mechanism in which excess excitation of the neuron via the transmitter glutamate leads to cell death through many distinct cell death cascades, all of ...
Yi Na Dong +4 more
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2008
Autism spectrum disorders are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by deficits in social skills, communication, and motor function, as well as compulsive and repetitive behaviors and interests. Although these disorders are thought to be of multifactorial origin, with a wide range of genetic and environmental factors implicated, we propose that ...
Martin M Evers, Eric Hollander
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Autism spectrum disorders are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by deficits in social skills, communication, and motor function, as well as compulsive and repetitive behaviors and interests. Although these disorders are thought to be of multifactorial origin, with a wide range of genetic and environmental factors implicated, we propose that ...
Martin M Evers, Eric Hollander
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2010
Excitotoxicity refers to neuronal death caused by the overactivation of excitatory amino acid receptors. Several lines of evidence have linked excitotoxicity to the pathogenesis of both acute and chronic neurologic diseases. Research into the mechanisms of excitotoxic injury has associated activation of excitatory amino acid receptors to free radical ...
A. Lau, M. Tymianski
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Excitotoxicity refers to neuronal death caused by the overactivation of excitatory amino acid receptors. Several lines of evidence have linked excitotoxicity to the pathogenesis of both acute and chronic neurologic diseases. Research into the mechanisms of excitotoxic injury has associated activation of excitatory amino acid receptors to free radical ...
A. Lau, M. Tymianski
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Apoptosis, Excitotoxicity, and Neuropathology
Experimental Cell Research, 1998While a high rate of cell loss is tolerated and even required to model the developing nervous system, an increased rate of cell death in the adult nervous system underlies neurodegenerative disease. Evolutionarily conserved mechanisms involving proteases, Bcl-2-related proteins, p53, and mitochondrial factors participate in the modulation and execution
Marcel Leist, Pierluigi Nicotera
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