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Excitotoxicity and neurodegenerative diseases
Current Opinion in Neurology, 1995Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system and a neurotoxin (excitotoxin) that has the potential to destroy neurones by activation of ionotropic receptors. In contrast to the well documented role of glutamate in the pathogenesis of neuronal degeneration resulting from hypoxia/ischaemia, hypoglycaemia, status ...
Chrysanthy Ikonomidou, Lechoslaw Turski
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2018
First proposed > 45 years ago, excitotoxicity has been implicated as a primary and secondary cause of cell death in both acute and chronic neuronal degeneration. Excitotoxicity is a pathophysiological mechanism in which excess excitation of the neuron via the transmitter glutamate leads to cell death through many distinct cell death cascades, all of ...
Yi Na Dong +4 more
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First proposed > 45 years ago, excitotoxicity has been implicated as a primary and secondary cause of cell death in both acute and chronic neuronal degeneration. Excitotoxicity is a pathophysiological mechanism in which excess excitation of the neuron via the transmitter glutamate leads to cell death through many distinct cell death cascades, all of ...
Yi Na Dong +4 more
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2008
Autism spectrum disorders are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by deficits in social skills, communication, and motor function, as well as compulsive and repetitive behaviors and interests. Although these disorders are thought to be of multifactorial origin, with a wide range of genetic and environmental factors implicated, we propose that ...
Martin M Evers, Eric Hollander
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Autism spectrum disorders are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by deficits in social skills, communication, and motor function, as well as compulsive and repetitive behaviors and interests. Although these disorders are thought to be of multifactorial origin, with a wide range of genetic and environmental factors implicated, we propose that ...
Martin M Evers, Eric Hollander
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Apoptosis, Excitotoxicity, and Neuropathology
Experimental Cell Research, 1998While a high rate of cell loss is tolerated and even required to model the developing nervous system, an increased rate of cell death in the adult nervous system underlies neurodegenerative disease. Evolutionarily conserved mechanisms involving proteases, Bcl-2-related proteins, p53, and mitochondrial factors participate in the modulation and execution
Marcel Leist, Pierluigi Nicotera
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2010
Excitotoxicity refers to neuronal death caused by the overactivation of excitatory amino acid receptors. Several lines of evidence have linked excitotoxicity to the pathogenesis of both acute and chronic neurologic diseases. Research into the mechanisms of excitotoxic injury has associated activation of excitatory amino acid receptors to free radical ...
A. Lau, M. Tymianski
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Excitotoxicity refers to neuronal death caused by the overactivation of excitatory amino acid receptors. Several lines of evidence have linked excitotoxicity to the pathogenesis of both acute and chronic neurologic diseases. Research into the mechanisms of excitotoxic injury has associated activation of excitatory amino acid receptors to free radical ...
A. Lau, M. Tymianski
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1998
Excitotoxins are a special group of neurotoxic substances that excite somatic and dendritic receptors in such a way that the neurons may die. All excitotoxins are in principle agonists of glutamate receptors in the brain and are structurally related to glutamate.
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Excitotoxins are a special group of neurotoxic substances that excite somatic and dendritic receptors in such a way that the neurons may die. All excitotoxins are in principle agonists of glutamate receptors in the brain and are structurally related to glutamate.
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Calcium, ischemia and excitotoxicity
Cell Calcium, 2010The initial reports regarding a cytotoxic role of calcium ions were published over 30 years ago. In neurons, calcium ions can gain entry into the cell through several mechanisms. These include the over-activation of glutamate receptors (NMDA, AMPA, KA) or of a range of channels and transporters (TRPM2, TRPM7, NCX, ASICs, CaV1.2, and hemichannels ...
Michael Tymianski +2 more
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Are aminoglycoside antibiotics excitotoxic?
NeuroReport, 1998Guinea pigs received gentamicin to induce a profound hearing loss (61 dB auditory threshold shift at 18 kHz). Concomitant administration of maleic or tartaric acid dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) significantly reduced the threshold shift to < 40 dB. The results have several important implications.
Jochen Schacht, Su Hua Sha
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1997
This chapter presents an overview of the excitotoxic concept and its putative involvement in hypoxic–ischemic brain damage. Excitotoxicity refers to the central neuronal injury or death induced by glutamate or related excitatory amino acids. Most excitotoxicity is mediated by glutamate receptors, although prolonged exposure to very high concentrations ...
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This chapter presents an overview of the excitotoxic concept and its putative involvement in hypoxic–ischemic brain damage. Excitotoxicity refers to the central neuronal injury or death induced by glutamate or related excitatory amino acids. Most excitotoxicity is mediated by glutamate receptors, although prolonged exposure to very high concentrations ...
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Journal of Neurobiology, 1992
AbstractExcitotoxicity refers to the ability of glutamate or related excitatory amino acids to mediate the death of central neurons under certain conditions, for example, after intense exposure. Such excitotoxic neuronal death may contribute to the pathogenesis of brain or spinal cord injury associated with several human disease states.
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AbstractExcitotoxicity refers to the ability of glutamate or related excitatory amino acids to mediate the death of central neurons under certain conditions, for example, after intense exposure. Such excitotoxic neuronal death may contribute to the pathogenesis of brain or spinal cord injury associated with several human disease states.
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