Results 331 to 340 of about 95,867 (358)

Glutamate Excitotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Epilepsy: Modulatory Role of Melatonin.

Journal of Environmental Pathology And Toxicology, 2016
Epilepsy is thought to be associated with oxidative stress, glutamate excitotoxicity, and mitochondrial dysfunction. The enhanced synthesis and release of oxygen free radicals is linked to the low and oxidative potential of the central nervous system ...
S. Vishnoi, S. Raisuddin, S. Parvez
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Excitotoxicity in Aging and Dementia

1983
The extracellular concentration of glutamate in the neocortex of human brain may-increase progressively with ageing. Glutamergic nerve terminals seem to be a major source of the amino acid. There is no evidence that the concentration of extracellular glutamate is increased in the neocortex in Alzheimer’s disease.
C. C. T. Smith, D. M. Bowen, A. N. Davison   +2 more
openaire   +2 more sources

EXCITOTOXICITY AS A STOCHASTIC PROCESS

Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, 1995
SUMMARY1. Neuronal death following excitotoxic insult appears to be a stochastic process involving transition through an intermediate biochemical state.2. Hydrogen ion accumulation in the hours after toxic glutamate exposure may indicate that this transition has occurred.
openaire   +3 more sources

Excitotoxicity in neonatal hypoxia

Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 2001
AbstractHypoxic‐ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in neonates is a disorder of excessive neuronal excitation that includes seizures, abnormal EEG activity, and delayed failure of oxidative metabolism with elevated levels of lactic acid in the brain. Evidence from experimental models and clinical investigation indicates that HIE is triggered by a profound ...
openaire   +3 more sources

Multiple sclerosis and glutamate excitotoxicity

Reviews in the Neurosciences, 2013
The previous understanding of multiple sclerosis was solely related to neuroinflammation and its harmful effects; however, countless data indicate the importance of some inflammation-independent, neurodegenerative mechanisms associated with mitochondria malfunction, iron deposition and oxidative stress.
Miloš Kostić, Nikola Zivkovic, Ivana Stojanovic   +2 more
openaire   +3 more sources

MS and Excitotoxicity

2014
In this section, it will be studied how excitotoxicity contributes to neurodegeneration in the context of multiple sclerosis (MS). MS has long been regarded as an autoimmune inflammatory disease targeting oligodendrocytes of the central nervous system (CNS). However, recent advancement in research questioned whether MS is merely an inflammatory disease
openaire   +2 more sources

TRP Channels in Excitotoxicity

The Neuroscientist
Glutamate excitotoxicity is a central mechanism contributing to cellular dysfunction and death in various neurological disorders and diseases, such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, epilepsy, schizophrenia, addiction, mood disorders, Huntington’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, pathologic pain, and even normal ...
Pengyu Zong, Nicholas Legere, Jianlin Feng, Lixia Yue   +3 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Wernicke’s encephalopathy: an excitotoxicity hypothesis

Metabolic Brain Disease, 1997
Thiamine deficiency is a recognized cause of Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE), a condition in which small necrotic lesions are found in close proximity to the third and fourth ventricles and the Sylvian aqueduct. Although the neuropathology of WE is well-established, the pathogenic mechanisms that determine the formation and distribution of brain lesions
openaire   +3 more sources

Glutamate-Mediated Excitotoxicity

1999
Excitotoxicity — the ability of glutamate receptor activation to trigger neuronal cell death — has been recognized for more than four decades (Lucas and New-house 1957; Olney 1969; Choi 1988b). Over the last 10–15 years, there has been an accumulation of evidence that suggests that glutamate toxicity contributes to brain or spinal cord tissue damage in
Dennis W. Choi, G. A. Kerchner, Albert H. Kim   +2 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Excitotoxicity, apoptosis and neuropsychiatric disorders

Current Opinion in Pharmacology, 2003
In recent decades there has been an upsurge of interest in mechanisms of cell death in the central nervous system. Much attention has been focused on two cell death processes - excitotoxicity and apoptosis - and much confusion has arisen regarding how one relates to the other, and how either relates to neurological disorders.
openaire   +3 more sources