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Fear‐Potentiated Startle and Light‐Enhanced Startle Models in Drug Discovery
Current Protocols in Pharmacology, 2008AbstractDescribed in this unit are the fear‐potentiated startle (FPS) and light‐enhanced startle (LES) tests. These protocols have proven reliable in detecting the anxiolytic properties of test compounds. The principle of these tests is that the magnitude of the acoustic startle reflex is an index of anxiety. The FPS test includes two training sessions
Groenink, L., Bijlsma, E.Y., Olivier, B.
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Baseline and fear-potentiated startle in panic disorder patients
Biological Psychiatry, 1994The present study investigated whether patients with panic disorder had an increase in the startle response and whether this effect, if present, was specific to anticipatory anxiety. The eyeblink component of the acoustic startle reflex was measured in a paradigm involving the anticipation of electric shocks (fear-potentiated startle) in 34 patients ...
Rezvan Ameli +2 more
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Fear Potentiation and Fear Inhibition in a Human Fear-Potentiated Startle Paradigm
Biological Psychiatry, 2005The inability to suppress excessive fear or anxiety is a significant clinical problem. In the laboratory, extinction is a preferred method for the study of fear inhibition; however, in this paradigm the same stimulus causes both elicitation (excitation) and inhibition of fear, making it difficult to know whether an experimental manipulation that ...
Tanja, Jovanovic +5 more
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Fear-potentiated startle in posttraumatic stress disorder
Biological Psychiatry, 1995Exaggerated startle is reputed to be one of the cardinal symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); however, objective studies have given conflicting results as to whether or not startle is increased in PTSD. The present study investigated startle in PTSD during the threat of shock (fear-potentiated startle).
C A, Morgan +4 more
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Testing neurophysiological markers related to fear-potentiated startle
Psychiatry Research, 2018Fear-potentiated startle (FPS) paradigms provide insight into fear learning mechanisms that contribute to impairment among individuals with posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Electrophysiology also has provided insight into these mechanisms through the examination of event-related potentials (ERPs) such as the P100 and LPP.
Antonia V Seligowski +2 more
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Fear-potentiated startle, but not light-enhanced startle, is enhanced by anxiogenic drugs
Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 2010The light-enhanced startle paradigm (LES) is suggested to model anxiety, because of the non-specific cue and the long-term effect. In contrast, the fear-potentiated startle (FPS) is suggested to model conditioned fear. However, the pharmacological profiles of these two paradigms are very similar.
Bijlsma, E.Y. +3 more
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Benzodiazepines have no effect on fear-potentiated startle in humans
Psychopharmacology, 2002Pre-clinical and clinical investigations have provided a great deal of evidence that the fear-potentiated startle paradigm represents a valid model for the objective assessment of emotional states of anxiety and fear.The four studies presented in this report sought to further validate the "threat of shock" paradigm as a human analogue to fear ...
Johanna Baas +2 more
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Fear‐Potentiated Startle in Rats
Current Protocols in Neuroscience, 2001AbstractFear‐potentiated startle measures the increase in the startle reflex elicited by a sudden noise in the presence of a cue that has previously been paired with footshock. It involves an initial training session in which a cue, such as a light, is paired with footshock, and then a later test session in which startle is elicited in the presence or ...
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Olfactory-mediated fear-potentiated startle.
Behavioral Neuroscience, 2002Recently, R. Richardson, A. Vishney, and J. Lee (1999) reported that ambient odor cues that were previously paired with footshock potentiate the acoustic startle response in rats. The authors of the present study extend those findings by using a discrete 4-s amyl acetate odor paired with footshock to address several parametric issues that might be ...
Gayla Y, Paschall, Michael, Davis
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Fear‐Potentiated Startle in Mice
Current Protocols in Neuroscience, 2002AbstractPavlovian fear conditioning is frequently used to assess the behavioral, physiological, genetic and molecular correlates of learning and memory. In the typical Pavlovian conditioned fear procedure a neutral stimulus, such as a tone, is paired with a mildly aversive stimulus such as a foot shock.
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