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The ontogeny of fear-potentiated startle: Effects of earlier-acquired fear memories.
Behavioral Neuroscience, 2007Research has shown that learned fear emerges in a response-specific sequence. For example, freezing is observed at a younger age than is potentiated startle (P. Hunt & B. A. Campbell, 1997). The present study shows that the age at which a specific learned fear response emerges is influenced by the animal's early experiences.
Carol S. L. Yap, Rick Richardson
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Control conditions in the fear-potentiated startle response paradigm
NeuroReport, 1997In the present study, the fear-potentiated startle response paradigm was modified in order to investigate the decrease in control startle levels often observed after administration of anxiolytic drugs. The within-animal comparison of control startle amplitudes and fear-potentiated startle amplitudes normally used was replaced by a between-animal ...
Joordens, R.J.E. +3 more
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No effect of sex and estrous cycle on the fear potentiated startle response in rats [PDF]
Behavioural Brain Research, 2018 The prevalence of anxiety disorders is higher in women than in men. Yet preclinical studies on anxiety are mostly performed in male subjects. This may have limited our understanding of mechanisms contributing to anxiety disorders. Since fear conditioning
Lucianne Groenink, Yulong Zhao
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Role of the Amygdala in Fear Extinction Measured with Potentiated Startle
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2003Abstract: Although much is now known about the neural basis of excitatory fear conditioning, much less is known about the neural basis of inhibitory conditioning. One type of inhibitory conditioning is extinction, a process in which stimuli that elicit fear by virtue of previous associations with aversive stimuli such as shock (excitatory fear ...
Michael, Davis +2 more
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Acoustic startle, prepulse inhibition, and fear-potentiated startle measured in rhesus monkeys
Biological Psychiatry, 2002Modulation of the acoustic startle response is a simple and objective indicator of emotionality and attention in rodents and humans. This finding has proven extremely valuable for analysis of neural systems associated with fear and anxiety. Until recently, there have been few efforts to develop acoustic startle measurement in nonhuman primates.
James T, Winslow +2 more
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Neural Systems Involved in Fear‐Potentiated Startle
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1989The acoustic startle reflex offers a number of advantages for analyzing the neural bases of behavior. Startle apparently is mediated by excitatory amino acids at several of the synapses that comprise the short-latency startle pathway. The reflex is modulated by a variety of neurotransmitters at both the spinal and the supraspinal levels. In addition to
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Fearfulness and Startle Potentiation during Aversive Visual Stimuli
Psychophysiology, 1992ABSTRACTRecent experimental research suggests an association between negative affect and potentiation of the human startle reflex, as well as enhancement of this effect among fearful compared to low fear subjects. In the present study, 32 undergraduates were selected for high or low total Fear Survey Schedule scores.
E W, Cook +4 more
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Startle Potentiation and Heart Rate as Affected by Fear and Hunger
Psychological Reports, 1985In a widely cited, unpublished study, abstracted at length herein, Meryman in 1952 reported that the acoustic startle response of the rat was potentiated by conditioned fear, by food deprivation, and summatively by both combined. Whereas others have verified the action of fear on startle, only scattered support has been obtained for the conclusion that
D C, Anderson, C R, Crowell, J S, Brown
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Infusion of flesinoxan into the amygdala blocks the fear-potentiated startle
NeuroReport, 2000In a previous study it was demonstrated that flesinoxan, a selective serotonin (5-HT)1A receptor agonist, had anxiolytic properties in the fear-potentiated startle paradigm. The present study investigated the putative site of action of flesinoxan in this paradigm.
Groenink, L. +4 more
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Effects of lorazepam on fear-potentiated startle responses in man
Journal of Psychopharmacology, 2005Sudden intense sensory stimuli elicit a cascade of involuntary responses, including a short-latency skeletal muscular response (‘eyeblink startle response’) and longer-latency autonomic responses. These responses are enhanced when subjects anticipate an aversive event compared to periods when subjects are resting (‘fear potentiation’).
S J, Graham +9 more
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