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The WAG/Rij Rat Model of Depression Comorbid with Absence Epilepsy: Sex Differences and Neurochemical Mechanisms. [PDF]
Int J Mol SciSarkisova KY, Kudrin VS.
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Thermoregulatory significance of immobility in the forced swim test
Physiology & Behavior, 2022The forced swim test (FST) is a widely used animal model of depression and antidepressant drug screen. Rats are forced to swim on two test days in a restricted space from which there is no escape. On the first test day the rats attempt to escape and then become largely immobile; on the second test day the onset of immobility is more rapid.
Bryan G, Nadeau +3 more
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Role of the Serotonergic System in the Forced Swimming Test
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 1995The effect of manipulations aimed at modifying the function of the 5-HT system has been reviewed. 5-HT uptake inhibitors are devoid of any activity in rats and induce an anti-immobility effect in mice. The so-called 5-HT1A agonists reduce the immobility time with some differences in mice and rats, mice being less sensitive.
Franco Borsini, F Borsini
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Effects of Antidepressants in the Rat Forced Swimming Test
European Journal of Pharmacology, 1981Effects of antidepressants and other drugs on the behaviour of rats in the forced swimming test were examined. Acute and chronic administration of antidepressants reduced the duration of immobility during the first 5 or 10 min of a 30 min test by prolonging escape-directed behaviour which appeared only during this period.
Yoshimi Kitada +2 more
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Structure of the rat behaviour in the forced swimming test
Behavioural Brain Research, 2005Forced swimming test (FST) or 'behavioural despair' test is a useful screening for antidepressant drugs. The FST predictability has been improved by a number of procedural modifications. Description of the behavioural microstructure in FST may help to delineate innovative protocols.
Cilene, Lino-de-Oliveira +2 more
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