Results 51 to 60 of about 2,689,802 (421)

Structural mechanism of glutamate receptor activation and desensitization

Nature, 2014
Ionotropic glutamate receptors are ligand-gated ion channels that mediate excitatory synaptic transmission in the vertebrate brain. To gain a better understanding of how structural changes gate ion flux across the membrane, we trapped rat AMPA (α-amino-3-
J. Meyerson, J. Kumar, Sagar Chittori, P. Rao, J. Pierson, A. Bartesaghi, M. Mayer, S. Subramaniam   +7 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Glutamate and its receptors in cancer [PDF]

Journal of Neural Transmission, 2014
Glutamate, a nonessential amino acid, is a major bioenergetic substrate for proliferating normal and neoplastic cells on one hand and an excitatory neurotransmitter that is actively involved in biosynthetic, bioenergetic, metabolic, and oncogenic signaling pathways on the other.
Andrzej Stepulak, Radoslaw Rola, Chrysanthy Ikonomidou, Krzysztof Polberg   +3 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Allosteric modulators enhance agonist efficacy by increasing the residence time of a GPCR in the active state

Nature Communications, 2021
Here, the authors use smFRET to assess the structural dynamics of metabotropic glutamate receptor mGlu2 and show that a positive allosteric modulator or the Gi protein stabilize mGlu2 in the glutamate-induced active state, leading to the full activation ...
Anne-Marinette Cao, Robert B. Quast, Fataneh Fatemi, Philippe Rondard, Jean-Philippe Pin, Emmanuel Margeat   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Mechanism for neurotransmitter-receptor matching. [PDF]

, 2020
Synaptic communication requires the expression of functional postsynaptic receptors that match the presynaptically released neurotransmitter. The ability of neurons to switch the transmitter they release is increasingly well documented, and these ...
Glavis-Bloom, Alex, Hammond-Weinberger, Dena R, Spitzer, Nicholas C, Wang, Yunxin   +3 more
core   +1 more source

Energetics of Glutamate Binding to an Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor [PDF]

The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2017
Ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) are ligand-gated ion channels that are responsible for the majority of excitatory transmission at the synaptic cleft. Mechanically speaking, agonist binding to the ligand binding domain (LBD) activates the receptor by triggering a conformational change that is transmitted to the transmembrane region, opening the ...
Alvin Yu, Alvin Yu, Albert Y. Lau, Albert Y. Lau   +3 more
openaire   +4 more sources

Inhibition of Food Intake by PACAP in the Hypothalamic Ventromedial Nuclei is Mediated by NMDA Receptors [PDF]

, 2014
Central injections of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) into the ventromedial nuclei (VMN) of the hypothalamus produce hypophagia that is dependent upon the PAC1 receptor; however, the signaling downstream of this receptor in the
Choi, Sujean, Maunze, Brian, Phillips, Kailynn A., Resch, Jon M   +3 more
core   +2 more sources

Glutamate, Glutamate Receptors, and Downstream Signaling Pathways [PDF]

International Journal of Biological Sciences, 2013
Glutamate is a nonessential amino acid, a major bioenergetic substrate for proliferating normal and neoplastic cells, and an excitatory neurotransmitter that is actively involved in biosynthetic, bioenergetic, metabolic, and oncogenic signaling pathways. Glutamate signaling activates a family of receptors consisting of metabotropic glutamate receptors (
Stacey S. Willard, Shahriar Koochekpour
openaire   +3 more sources

Different Sites of Alcohol Action in the NMDA Receptor GluN2A and GluN2B Subunits [PDF]

, 2015
The NMDA receptor is a major target of alcohol action in the CNS, and recent behavioral and cellular studies have pointed to the importance of the GluN2B subunit in alcohol action.
Allgaier, Alvestad, Anders, Anders, Boyce-Rustay, Chandrasekar, Chu, Dingledine, Donard S. Dwyer, Dopico, Dwyer, Erreger, Gass, Gonzales, Göthert, Hoffman, Holmes, Hong Ren, Honse, Izumi, Karakas, Kash, Kash, Kash, Koob, Krishnan-Sarin, Krupitsky, Krystal, Kuner, Lima-Landman, Lovinger, Low, Low, Masood, Mihic, Moykkynen, Nagy, Peoples, Peoples, Peoples, Popp, Ren, Ren, Ren, Ren, Ren, Ren, Robert W. Peoples, Ronald, Salous, Smothers, Smothers, Smothers, Sobolevsky, Sobolevsky, Vengeliene, Vengeliene, Wang, Weiss, Wick, Wills, Woodward, Woodward, Wright, Xu, Xu, Yamakura, Yuan, Yulin Zhao   +68 more
core   +2 more sources

Glutamate triggers long-distance, calcium-based plant defense signaling

Science, 2018
Rapid, long-distance signaling in plants A plant injured on one leaf by a nibbling insect can alert its other leaves to begin anticipatory defense responses. Working in the model plant Arabidopsis, Toyota et al. show that this systemic signal begins with
M. Toyota, D. Spencer, Satoe Sawai-Toyota, W. Jiaqi, Tong Zhang, Abraham J. Koo, G. Howe, S. Gilroy   +7 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Glutamate receptors in the kidney [PDF]

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 2015
l-Glutamate (l-Glu) plays an essential role in the central nervous system (CNS) as an excitatory neurotransmitter, and exerts its effects by acting on a large number of ionotropic and metabotropic receptors. These receptors are also expressed in several peripheral tissues, including the kidney.
openaire   +3 more sources