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The Ophthalmopathy of Graves' Disease
Annual Review of Medicine, 1992Ophthalmopathy is an integral component of Graves’ disease. It usually appears at the same time as hyperthyroidism, and is characterized by proptosis (exophthalmos), periorbital and conjunctival edema, eye muscle dysfunction, and on occasion corneal ulceration or optic neuropathy.
J A, Carter, R D, Utiger
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Medical Clinics of North America, 1995
Graves' ophthalmopathy is an organ-specific autoimmune process strongly linked to Graves' hyperthyroidism. Although the hyperthyroidism can be successfully treated, it is often the ophthalmopathy that produces the greatest long-term disability for patients suffering from this disease.
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Graves' ophthalmopathy is an organ-specific autoimmune process strongly linked to Graves' hyperthyroidism. Although the hyperthyroidism can be successfully treated, it is often the ophthalmopathy that produces the greatest long-term disability for patients suffering from this disease.
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Inducing Graves’ ophthalmopathy
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 2004The majority of patients with Graves' disease (GD) have some degree of ocular involvement and this requires surgical or medical intervention in about 5% of cases. There are autoimmune and inflammatory processes operating in Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO), which together induce glycosaminoglycan production, edema and adipogenesis resulting in an increase ...
M, Ludgate, G, Baker
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Prevention of Graves’ ophthalmopathy
Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2012Smoking is the most important risk factor for the occurrence/progression of Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO), as well as for its lower/slower response to immunosuppression. Accordingly, refrain from smoking should be urged, both as primary prevention (removal of risk factors in Graves' patients without GO), secondary prevention (early detection and ...
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Canadian Medical Association journal, 1981
Graves' ophthalmopathy usually occurs in association with hyperthyroidism. Its occasional occurrence in the absence of thyroid disease suggests, however, that it may be a separate autoimmune disorder. While the evidence supporting an autoimmune pathogenesis is considerable for the ophthalmopathy, it is not so impressive as that for Graves ...
Wall, JR +3 more
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Graves' ophthalmopathy usually occurs in association with hyperthyroidism. Its occasional occurrence in the absence of thyroid disease suggests, however, that it may be a separate autoimmune disorder. While the evidence supporting an autoimmune pathogenesis is considerable for the ophthalmopathy, it is not so impressive as that for Graves ...
Wall, JR +3 more
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THE MANAGEMENT OF Graves' OPHTHALMOPATHY
Clinical Endocrinology, 1989L'auteur decrit les differentes lesions de l'ophtalmopathie basedowienne et passe en revue les moyens therapeutiques disponibles: traitement chimique et chirurgical de l'affection thyroidienne, traitement immunosuppresseur, traitements antiinflammatoires locaux et correction chirurgicale.
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Radiotherapy for Graves’ ophthalmopathy
2000The interest in the treatment of benign diseases with radiation therapy has grown particularly in the Western part of the world. In 1996, a questionnaire was sent to 1348 institutes worldwide listed in the directory of the Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology asking whether the respondents considered a list of 28 most common benign disorders ...
Kahaly, G.J. +6 more
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Ciclosporine and Graves’ Ophthalmopathy
Hormone Research, 2008The pharmacological treatment of Graves’ ophthalmopathy remains unsatisfactory due to the limited efficacy and severe side effects of the available drugs. Ciclosporine, an immunosuppressive drug has recently been used with the aim of controlling the autoimmune process considered to be responsible for the disease.
J P, Gayno, G, Strauch
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The Ophthalmopathy of Graves' Disease
Medical Clinics of North America, 1991Fortunately, most patients with thyroid-related eye disease have mild ocular involvement that spontaneously involutes. Less than 5% of patients with hyperthyroidism will develop sufficiently severe ocular abnormalities that will require surgical intervention. Most patients with thyroid eye findings should be symptomatically managed.
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