Results 291 to 300 of about 528,114 (310)

Targeting interleukin-21 in rheumatoid arthritis

Molecular Biology Reports, 2010
Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is a new member of the type I cytokine superfamily, which binds to a composite receptor that consists of a private receptor (IL-21R) and the common cytokine receptor γ chain. Recently, increasing evidence has shown that IL-21 contributes to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases because of its pro ...
Feng-Lai, Yuan, Wei, Hu, Wei-Guo, Lu, Xia, Li, Jian-Ping, Li, Rui-Sheng, Xu, Cheng-Wan, Li, Fei-Hu, Chen, Cheng, Jin   +8 more
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Targeting Interleukin-21 in Immune-Mediated Pathologies

Current Drug Targets, 2010
Interleukin (IL)-21, a cytokine mostly produced by activated CD4+ T cells, has been reported to play an important role in the tissue-damaging immune response in various organs. This pathogenic effect is strictly linked to the ability of IL-21 to control the functional activities of multiple immune and non-immune cells. For instance, IL-21 regulates the
Sarra, M, PALLONE, FRANCESCO, Macdonald, TT, MONTELEONE, GIOVANNI   +3 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Interleukin-21 in Immune and Allergic Diseases

Inflammation & Allergy-Drug Targets, 2012
Interleukin-21 (IL-21), a cytokine produced by various subsets of activated CD4+ T cells, plays a major role in the control of innate and adaptive immune responses. IL-21 biological activity is mediated by binding of the cytokine to a heterodimeric receptor, composed of a specific subunit, termed IL-21 receptor (IL-21R), and the common γ-chain, that is
Sarra, M, Cupi, M, PALLONE, FRANCESCO, MONTELEONE, GIOVANNI   +3 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Interleukin-21 mRNA expression during virus infections

Cytokine, 2006
Interleukin-21 is a cytokine with profound impact on the proliferation and differentiation of activated leukocytes of both the innate and adaptive immune system. In experiments in vitro, antigen activation induces IL-21 production in CD4+ T cells. Where, when, and how the proliferative and activational effects of IL-21 on different leukocytes come into
Holm, Christian, Nyvold, Charlotte G, Paludan, Søren R, Plaudan, Søren R, Thomsen, Allan R, Hokland, Marianne   +5 more
openaire   +4 more sources

Interleukin 21: combination strategies for cancer therapy

Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 2008
In the past 20 years researchers have attempted to activate the host immune defence system to kill tumour cells and eradicate cancer. In some cases, the response of patients to immunotherapy has been extremely successful; however, other trials have shown disappointing results, and so there is a clear need for more effective therapies that can ...
Skak, Kresten, Kragh, Michael, Hausman, Diana, Smyth, Mark J., Sivakumar, Pallavur V.   +4 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Interleukin-21 and Cancer Therapy

2009
Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is a pleiotropic cytokine structurally similar to IL-2 and IL-15 but with important distinctions in its biological properties. IL-21 is mainly secreted by activated CD4+ T cells, NKT cells, and follicular T helper (Tfh) cells. The IL-21 receptor is expressed physiologically on lymphoid tissues and peripheral blood mononuclear ...
Davis, Ian D., Skak, Kresten, Hunder, Naomi, Smyth, Mark J., Sivakumar, Pallavur V.   +4 more
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Role of Interleukin-21 in Inflammation and Allergy

Inflammation & Allergy-Drug Targets, 2007
Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is a newly described cytokine, produced by activated CD4+ T cells. Since the discovery in 2000, IL-21 has been the object of intensive research because of its homology to IL-2, IL-4 and IL-15, and its ability to modulate both innate and adaptive immune responses.
Fina D., FANTINI, MASSIMO CLAUDIO, PALLONE, FRANCESCO, MONTELEONE, GIOVANNI   +3 more
openaire   +5 more sources

The association of interleukin-21 polymorphisms with interleukin-21 serum levels and risk of systemic lupus erythematosus

Gene, 2014
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is one of the common autoimmune diseases, with complex genetic components. Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is the most recently discovered member of the type-I cytokine family, which has a variety of effects on the immune system, including B cell activation, plasma cell differentiation, and immunoglobulin production.
Yan Lan, Bin Luo, Jun-Li Wang, Yuan-Wen Jiang, Ye-Sheng Wei   +4 more
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Interleukin-21: biology and application to cancer therapy

Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, 2008
IL-21, a recently described common gamma-chain cytokine, can induce the maturation and enhanced cytotoxicity of natural killer (NK) and CD8(+) T cells and proliferation of CD40-stimulated B cells. Exogenous IL-21 has antitumor effects in murine models via immunological mechanisms.
David J, Andorsky, John M, Timmerman
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Interleukin 21: A Key Player in Lymphocyte Maturation

Critical Reviews in Immunology, 2004
The common gamma chain family of cytokine receptors plays a plethora of roles during the early development, activation, and terminal differentiation of the lymphocyte lineages. The most recently identified member of this family, the IL-21R, is expressed to varying degrees on B, T lymphocytes, and natural killer (NK) cells, whereas IL-21, is reportedly ...
Stephen L, Nutt, Jason, Brady, Yoshihiro, Hayakawa, Mark J, Smyth   +3 more
openaire   +2 more sources