Sensitizing Anthrax Lethal Toxin-resistant Macrophages to Lethal Toxin-induced Killing by Tumor Necrosis Factor-α [PDF]
Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2003 Macrophages from different inbred mouse strains exhibit striking differences in their sensitivity to anthrax lethal toxin (LeTx)-induced cytolysis. Although LeTx-induced cytolysis of macrophages plays an important role in the outcome of anthrax infection, the sensitivity of macrophages in vitro does not correlate with in vivo susceptibility to ...
Kim, S. O. +5 more
openaire +2 more sources
Development of a New Cell-Based AP-1 Gene Reporter Potency Assay for Anti-Anthrax Toxin Therapeutics
Toxins, 2023 Anthrax toxin is a critical virulence factor of Bacillus anthracis. The toxin comprises protective antigen (PA) and two enzymatic moieties, edema factor (EF) and lethal factor (LF), forming bipartite lethal toxin (LT) and edema toxin (ET).
Weiming Ouyang +3 more
doaj +1 more source
Gene-trap mutagenesis identifies mammalian genes contributing to intoxication by Clostridium perfringens ε-toxin. [PDF]
PLoS ONE, 2011 The Clostridium perfringens ε-toxin is an extremely potent toxin associated with lethal toxemias in domesticated ruminants and may be toxic to humans. Intoxication results in fluid accumulation in various tissues, most notably in the brain and kidneys ...
Susan E Ivie +4 more
doaj +1 more source
Clostridial glucosylating toxins enter cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis. [PDF]
PLoS ONE, 2010 Clostridium difficile toxin A (TcdA) and toxin B (TcdB), C. sordellii lethal toxin (TcsL) and C. novyi alpha-toxin (TcnA) are important pathogenicity factors, which represent the family of the clostridial glucosylating toxins (CGTs).
Panagiotis Papatheodorou +4 more
doaj +1 more source
A Replicating Single-Cycle Adenovirus Vaccine Effective against Clostridium difficile
Vaccines, 2020 Clostridium difficile causes nearly 500,000 infections and nearly 30,000 deaths each year in the U.S., which is estimated to cost $4.8 billion. C. difficile infection (CDI) arises from bacteria colonizing the large intestine and releasing two toxins ...
William E. Matchett +8 more
doaj +1 more source
BPTES inhibits anthrax lethal toxin-induced inflammatory response
, 2020 Bacillus anthracis is a lethal agent of anthrax disease and the toxins are required in anthrax pathogenesis. The anthrax lethal toxin can trigger NLRP1b inflammasome activation and pyroptosis.
Shen, Xizi +8 more
core +1 more source
Lethal toxin of Clostridium sordellii is associated with fatal equine atypical myopathy
, 2010 The lethal toxin of Clostridium sordellii (TcsL) evokes severe, mostly fatal disease patterns like toxic shock syndrome in humans and animals. Since this large clostridial toxin-induced severe muscle damaging when injected intramuscularly into mice, we ...
Frey, Joachim +8 more
core +1 more source
Tumor Targeting and Drug Delivery by Anthrax Toxin
Toxins, 2016 Anthrax toxin is a potent tripartite protein toxin from Bacillus anthracis. It is one of the two virulence factors and causes the disease anthrax.
Christopher Bachran, Stephen H. Leppla
doaj +1 more source
Toxins, 2011 Outbreaks of Bacillus anthracis in the US and Europe over the past 10 years have emphasized the health threat this lethal bacteria poses even for developed parts of the world.
Peter Q. Eichacker +5 more
doaj +1 more source
Role of the N-Terminal Amino Acid of Bacillus anthracis Lethal Factor in Lethal Toxin Cytotoxicity and Its Effect on the Lethal Toxin Neutralization Assay [PDF]
Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 2008 ABSTRACT The cytotoxic activity of lethal factor (LF), a critical reagent used in the cell-based lethal toxin neutralization assay to assess anthrax vaccines, was shown to depend on the identity of its N-terminal amino acid, which plays a role in the targeting of LF to the proteasome for degradation.
Anita, Verma +5 more
openaire +2 more sources