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Masked Mycotoxins and Mycotoxin Derivatives in Food: The Hidden Menace
2009Conjugated or masked mycotoxins first came to attention in the mid-1980s, mainly from clinical observations on animals affected by mycotoxicoses fed with apparently low-level mycotoxin-contaminated feed. The unexpected toxicity was attributed to the presence of conjugated forms of mycotoxins, possibly generated by the plant metabolism, which were ...
Chiara Dall’Asta +4 more
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Sterigmatocystin-a Masked Potent Carcinogenic Mycotoxin
Journal of Toxicology: Toxin Reviews, 1983AbstractSterigmatocystin (stg), a related compound of aflatoxin B1 (af B1) is a secondary metabolite of a wide variety of fungi species.Stg is a compound in which a substituted anthraquinone is fused to the bisdihydrofuran ring. An unsaturated 2, 3 bond in the bis-dihydrofuran ring is closely related to the biological activities of stg.
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Formation, determination and significance of masked and other conjugated mycotoxins
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 2009Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of fungi poisonous for humans or animals which can be found on a great variety of food and feed commodities. Food is not necessarily safe just because the presence of well-known mycotoxins has been ruled out, as they might still be there in disguise.
Franz, Berthiller +3 more
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Masked mycotoxins: An emerging issue that makes renegotiable what is ordinary
Food Chemistry, 2016 The masked mycotoxins issue is of increasing relevance in the field of food safety. Although under discussion, regulations are still to be set due to the lack of proper toxicological data. In this communication, we discuss the unmet needs to support regulatory bodies in the decision making on this class of compounds.
Luca Dellafiora, Chiara Dall’Asta
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Unveiling the mask of the unregulated and masked mycotoxins in Croatian cereals
9th International Congress Flour-Bread 17 ; 11th Croatian Congress of Cereal Technologists Brašno-Kruh 17 : Book of abstracts, 2017There is not enough data on the occurrence of unregulated and/or masked mycotoxins in Croatia, and one of the aims of the CroMycoScreen project was to properly screen their presence. In the 200 samples of cereals form all Croatian counties, there were 128 different mycotoxins, bacterial toxins, and plant metabolites detected, and so far only a few of ...
Šarkanj, Bojan +2 more
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Journal of Chromatography A, 2012
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi that can contaminate a wide range of food and feed commodities and that are harmful to humans for their poisonous and toxic effects. An increasing amount of data have been accumulated in the last years, showing that mycotoxins may also occur in modified forms originating by plant, fungi or animal ...
CIRLINI, Martina +2 more
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Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi that can contaminate a wide range of food and feed commodities and that are harmful to humans for their poisonous and toxic effects. An increasing amount of data have been accumulated in the last years, showing that mycotoxins may also occur in modified forms originating by plant, fungi or animal ...
CIRLINI, Martina +2 more
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Cleavage of Zearalenone‐Glycoside, a “Masked” Mycotoxin, during Digestion in Swine
Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series B, 1990SummaryComparative analyses of cereal samples pretreated with or without β‐glucosidase indicate the presence of zearalenone‐glycoside. To examine the stability of zearalenone‐glycoside during digestion, mixed feed was artificially contaminated with synthesized zearalenone‐4‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (395 μg/kg) and fed to a pig over a period of 14 days.
M, Gareis +5 more
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Chapter 7. Animal Models for Masked Mycotoxin Studies
2015Masked mycotoxins, formed in plants after infection with toxigenic fungi, are frequent contaminants of food and feed. They pose a risk to human and animal health either by exerting biological activity on their own or by liberation of their respective parent toxin during digestion.
Veronika Nagl, Franz Berthiller
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Masked Mycotoxins Are Efficiently Hydrolyzed by Human Colonic Microbiota Releasing Their Aglycones
Chemical Research in Toxicology, 2013Fusarium mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by Fusarium spp. in cereals. Among them, deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) are widespread worldwide contaminants of cereal commodities and are ranked as the most important chronic dietary risk factors.
Dall'Erta A. +5 more
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A systematic review of plant-conjugated masked mycotoxins: Occurrence, toxicology, and metabolism
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 2019Masked mycotoxins are biologically modified phase II metabolites formed by plant defense mechanisms through glucosylation catalyzed by uridine diphosphate -glucosyltransferases. Most of the current reports focus on the occurrence of masked mycotoxins in Europe, America, Africa, and cover other geographic regions, e.g. China and Japan.
Zhiqi Zhang +7 more
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