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Formation, determination and significance of masked and other conjugated mycotoxins
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 2009Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of fungi poisonous for humans or animals which can be found on a great variety of food and feed commodities. Food is not necessarily safe just because the presence of well-known mycotoxins has been ruled out, as they might still be there in disguise.
Franz, Berthiller +3 more
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Masked mycotoxins: An emerging issue that makes renegotiable what is ordinary
Food Chemistry, 2016The masked mycotoxins issue is of increasing relevance in the field of food safety. Although under discussion, regulations are still to be set due to the lack of proper toxicological data. In this communication, we discuss the unmet needs to support regulatory bodies in the decision making on this class of compounds.
Dellafiora L., Dall'asta, C.
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Masked Mycotoxins Are Efficiently Hydrolyzed by Human Colonic Microbiota Releasing Their Aglycones
Chemical Research in Toxicology, 2013Fusarium mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by Fusarium spp. in cereals. Among them, deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) are widespread worldwide contaminants of cereal commodities and are ranked as the most important chronic dietary risk factors.
Dall'Erta A. +5 more
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Special issue: Masked mycotoxins
World Mycotoxin Journal, 2012In 1990, Gareis et al. referred to a zearalenone-glycoside as a ‘masked mycotoxin’ to emphasise the fact that this mycotoxin conjugate was not detected by routine analysis of food or feed, but probably contributed to the total mycotoxin content and subsequent effects.
Sarah De Saeger, Hans van Egmond
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Zearalenone-16-O-glucoside: A New Masked Mycotoxin
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2014This paper reports the identification of a barley UDP-glucosyltransferase, HvUGT14077, which is able to convert the estrogenic Fusarium mycotoxin zearalenone into a near-equimolar mixture of the known masked mycotoxin zearalenone-14-O-β-glucoside and a new glucose conjugate, zearalenone-16-O-β-glucoside. Biocatalytical production using engineered yeast
Maria Paula, Kovalsky Paris +8 more
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On the masked mycotoxin zearalenone-14-glucoside. Does the mask truly hide?
Toxicon, 2016In the matter of foodborne mycotoxins, beside a number of regulated compounds, regulations are totally missing for phase-II plant metabolites--the toxicological knowledge of which is still in its infancy. Currently, zearalenone-14-glucoside is in the pipeline and its toxicological role is under a glowing scientific debate. In our work it clearly showed
Luca Dellafiora +4 more
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Chapter 1. Introduction to Masked Mycotoxins
2015Mycotoxins are toxic, secondary metabolites of moulds. They are produced by filamentous fungi on almost every agricultural commodity worldwide. After the infection of crop plants, mycotoxins are modified by plant enzymes and often conjugated to more polar substances, like sugars.
Berthiller F. +2 more
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, 2016 Mikotoksini su sekundarni produkti metabolizma plijesni koji djeluju toksično na ljude i životinje, ali isto tako i na samu biljku koja je inficirana plijesnima. Biljke su razvile obrambeni mehanizam protiv infekcije plijesnima na način da modificiraju kemijsku strukturu mikotoksina te dolazi do konjugacije mikotoksina s drugim staničnim komponentama ...
Šarkanj, Bojan, Klapec, Tomislav
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Masked Mycotoxins and Mycotoxin Derivatives in Food: The Hidden Menace
2009Conjugated or masked mycotoxins first came to attention in the mid-1980s, mainly from clinical observations on animals affected by mycotoxicoses fed with apparently low-level mycotoxin-contaminated feed. The unexpected toxicity was attributed to the presence of conjugated forms of mycotoxins, possibly generated by the plant metabolism, which were ...
Chiara Dall’Asta +4 more
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Sterigmatocystin-a Masked Potent Carcinogenic Mycotoxin
Journal of Toxicology: Toxin Reviews, 1983AbstractSterigmatocystin (stg), a related compound of aflatoxin B1 (af B1) is a secondary metabolite of a wide variety of fungi species.Stg is a compound in which a substituted anthraquinone is fused to the bisdihydrofuran ring. An unsaturated 2, 3 bond in the bis-dihydrofuran ring is closely related to the biological activities of stg.
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