Results 201 to 210 of about 3,511,821 (244)

Impact of Geography on Institutions in Agricultural and Nomadic Societies

open access: yesInternational Studies of Economics, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT How geography affects the choice of institutions is studied in a theoretical model. In this model, nations are located around a circle. Rulers compete through choosing tax rates, the level of military spending, and the degree of formality of institutions. Geographic condition is captured by population density.
Haiwen Zhou
wiley   +1 more source

Financial Development Under Economic Sanctions: Short‐Run Market Responses and Long‐Run Institutional Adjustment

open access: yesInternational Studies of Economics, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT This paper examines how the financial development of the target economy evolves under the long‐lasting economic sanctions, emphasizing the temporal patterns of the impact. Using panel data for 136 economies from 1980 to 2021 and an event‐study approach, we identified a temporal pattern that illustrates how economic sanctions exert a ...
Yu Jiang, Xue Meng
wiley   +1 more source

Gratitude in ID and a Challenge. [PDF]

open access: yesOpen Forum Infect Dis
Graf PJ, Hartzell JD.
europepmc   +1 more source

Dignity's Dilemma: Categorical Objections to Autonomous Weapons and Their Pacifist Entailments

open access: yesJournal of Applied Philosophy, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Dignity objections to autonomous weapon systems are prominent in contemporary military ethics, yet their theoretical foundations remain underexamined. This article reconstructs those foundations, showing what categorical dignity objections require to function as absolute prohibitions.
Timothy Dubber
wiley   +1 more source

Historical Impact of Baron Dominique-Jean Larrey: The Father of Modern Military Surgery. [PDF]

open access: yesCureus
Dhamrait JS   +8 more
europepmc   +1 more source

Who Has the Right to Fight? Rethinking Legitimate Authority in War

open access: yesJournal of Applied Philosophy, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT This article develops a Razian account of legitimate authority in war. It rejects the traditionalist assumption that legitimate authority is confined to states and state‐like groups while defending the criterion as a distinct and morally significant element of the jus ad bellum against revisionism.
Brianna Rosen
wiley   +1 more source

Beverage Co-Consumption Profiles, Sleep, and Fatigue in Professional Army Personnel. [PDF]

open access: yesNutrients
Clemente-Suárez VJ   +5 more
europepmc   +1 more source

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