Results 81 to 90 of about 331,716 (264)

Myelin Proteomics: Molecular Anatomy of an Insulating Sheath [PDF]

Molecular Neurobiology, 2009
Fast-transmitting vertebrate axons are electrically insulated with multiple layers of nonconductive plasma membrane of glial cell origin, termed myelin. The myelin membrane is dominated by lipids, and its protein composition has historically been viewed to be of very low complexity.
Jahn, Olaf, Tenzer, Stefan, Werner, Hauke B.   +2 more
openaire   +4 more sources

Akt Regulates Axon Wrapping and Myelin Sheath Thickness in the PNS

Journal of Neuroscience, 2016
The signaling pathways that regulate myelination in the PNS remain poorly understood. Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase 1A, activated in Schwann cells by neuregulin and the extracellular matrix, has an essential role in the early events of ...
E. Domènech-Estévez, Hasna Baloui, Xiaosong Meng, Yanqing Zhang, Katrin Deinhardt, J. Dupree, S. Einheber, R. Chrast, J. Salzer   +8 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

PolyG Fibrils Coalesce Into Nuclear Ribbons That Engage Proteostasis Machinery in Neuronal Intranuclear Inclusion Disease

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
In NIID, expanded NOTCH2NLC repeats give rise to nuclear polyG inclusions. Tracer‐guided in situ cryo‐electron tomography enables cross‐scale structural analysis from mouse brain to native neuronal nuclei, revealing dense‐core/peripheral‐halo inclusions built from compact polyG ribbons.
Hui Dong, Yongcheng Pan, Zhiyao Tang, Yuxuan Yao, Guicong Zhang, Junpu Wang, Haonan Xiao, Yun Tian, Beisha Tang, Dan Li, Qiang Guo, Ruijun Tian, Qiong Liu, Cong Liu   +13 more
wiley   +1 more source

Remyelination of the Corpus Callosum by Olfactory Ensheathing Cell in an Experimental Model of Multiple Sclerosis

Acta Medica Iranica, 2015
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) causes loss of the myelin sheath, which leads to loss of neurons. Regeneration of myelin sheath stimulates axon regeneration and neurons’ survival. In this study, olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) transplantation is investigated to
Mohammad Azimi Alamouti, Mehrdad Bakhtiyari, Fatemeh Moradi, Tahmineh Mokhtari, Azim Hedayatpour, Fariba Zafari, Mohammad Barbarestani   +6 more
doaj  

Loss of Myelin Basic Protein Function Triggers Myelin Breakdown in Models of Demyelinating Diseases

Cell Reports, 2016
Breakdown of myelin sheaths is a pathological hallmark of several autoimmune diseases of the nervous system. We employed autoantibody-mediated animal models of demyelinating diseases, including a rat model of neuromyelitis optica (NMO), to target myelin ...
Marie-Theres Weil, Wiebke Möbius, Anne Winkler, Torben Ruhwedel, Claudia Wrzos, Elisa Romanelli, Jeffrey L. Bennett, Lukas Enz, Norbert Goebels, Klaus-Armin Nave, Martin Kerschensteiner, Nicole Schaeren-Wiemers, Christine Stadelmann, Mikael Simons   +13 more
doaj   +1 more source

Interaction of PLP with GFP-MAL2 in the human oligodendroglial cell line HOG. [PDF]

PLoS ONE, 2011
The velocity of the nerve impulse conduction of vertebrates relies on the myelin sheath, an electrically insulating layer that surrounds axons in both the central and peripheral nervous systems, enabling saltatory conduction of the action potential ...
Raquel Bello-Morales, Raquel Bello-Morales, Marta Pérez-Hernández, María Teresa Rejas, Fuencisla Matesanz, Antonio Alcina, José Antonio López-Guerrero   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

Ndrg1 in development and maintenance of the myelin sheath

Neurobiology of Disease, 2011
CMT4D disease is a severe autosomal recessive demyelinating neuropathy with extensive axonal loss leading to early disability, caused by mutations in the N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1). NDRG1 is expressed at particularly high levels in the Schwann cell (SC), but its physiological function(s) are unknown.
Rosalind H.M. King, David Chandler, Sash Lopaticki, Dexing Huang, Julian Blake, John R. Muddle, Trevor Kilpatrick, Michelle Nourallah, Toshiyuki Miyata, Tomohiko Okuda, Kim W. Carter, Michael Hunter, Dora Angelicheva, Grant Morahan, Luba Kalaydjieva   +14 more
openaire   +3 more sources

A Blood‐Derived Factor Rescues ALS: Platelet Factor 4 Activates OPTN‐Dependent Autophagy to Clear SOD1 Aggregates Independently of PINK1

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
Systemic platelet factor 4 (PF4) is significantly depleted in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Peripheral PF4 replenishment restores central proteostasis by driving OPTN‐dependent, PINK1‐independent selective autophagy in motor neurons. This intervention effectively clears toxic SOD1 aggregates, blunts glial activation, and preserves neuromuscular ...
Qingjian Xie, Yanbo Zhu, Wenhua Jiang, Haobo Xie, Yaojia Li, Mengjie Hu, Kezheng Li, Huan Yu, Yixuan Pan, Chaoyi Jiang, Xueqin Song, Dongsheng Fan, Binbin Deng   +12 more
wiley   +1 more source

Connexin32 and X-linked Charcot–Marie–Tooth Disease

Neurobiology of Disease, 1997
Mutations in the gap junction geneconnexin32(Cx32) cause the X-linked form of Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease, an inherited demyelinating neuropathy. More than 130 different mutations have been described, affecting all portions of the Cx32 protein.
Linda Jo Bone, Suzanne M. Deschênes, Rita J. Balice-Gordon, Kenneth H. Fischbeck, Steven S. Scherer   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Single‐Cell Profiling Reveals a Protective WNT5A‐ATF3‐FOSB Signaling Axis in Hair Follicle Stem Cells During Androgenetic Alopecia

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common form of hair loss with limited treatment options. Silencing of WNT5A signaling, which is widely known as the trigger of the ncWNT signaling pathway, happens in hair follicle stem cells from balding areas. It leads to downregulation of ATF3 and its target FOSB.
Ruiyu Luo, Ke Fang, Changjiang Zhao, Jiachao Xiong, Yuan Zhu, Mingyang Lu, He Yan, Zihan Li, Baojin Wu, Hua Jiang, Yufei Li   +10 more
wiley   +1 more source