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Immunobiology of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 2022Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. Most of the cases are positive for autoantibodies targeting the water channel aquaporin-4 (AQP4-IgG). Activated B and T cells, innate immunity cells, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and activated complement contribute to the formation of ...
Daissy Liliana Mora Cuervo +2 more
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Pediatric Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
Seminars in Pediatric Neurology, 2023Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) is a demyelinating disease with a high relapse rate and risk of disability accrual. The condition is an astrocytopathy, with antibodies to the aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channel being detected in AQP4-IgG seropositive disease. Presentation is uncommon in the pediatric age range, accounting for about 3%-5% of
Kelsey, Poisson +2 more
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Neuromyelitis optica and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova, 2019The review is devoted to up-to-date data on epidemiology, aspects of the pathogenesis of neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). The authors consider a role of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein immunoglobulin G (MOG-IgG) in the syndromes phenotypically similar to NMO and NMOSD. Special attention is drawn to the
T.O. Simaniv +3 more
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Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders
Continuum, 2022This article reviews the cardinal clinical features, distinct immunopathology, current diagnostic criteria, relapse-related risk factors, emerging biomarkers, and evolving treatment strategies pertaining to neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD).The discovery of the pathogenic aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-IgG autoantibody and characterization of NMOSD ...
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Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders
Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports, 2014Since the discovery of aquaporin 4-IgG, a sensitive and highly specific biomarker of neuromyelitis optica (NMO), a wide range of syndromes have been recognized as being associated with this condition. This observation has led to new proposed terminology for the entire disorder, NMO spectrum disorders (NMOSD).
Eoin P, Flanagan, Brian G, Weinshenker
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[Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders].
Brain and nerve = Shinkei kenkyu no shinpo, 2023Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are inflammatory autoimmune disorders of the central nervous system, that primarily cause optic neuritis and myelitis. Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody is the key in NMOSD pathophysiology, which causes astrocytopathy, demyelination, and neuropathy through complement activation and cell-mediated immunity ...
Kotaro, Iida, Noriko, Isobe
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Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders
Neuroimaging Clinics of North America, 2017Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is clinically characterized by severe optic neuritis and transverse myelitis, but recent studies with anti-aquaporin-4-antibody specific to NMO have revealed that the clinical spectrum is wider than previously thought. International consensus diagnostic criteria propose NMO spectrum disorders (NMOSD) as the term to define the
Tetsuya, Akaishi +4 more
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Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders
Continuum, 2016This article provides a practical approach for providers caring for patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) spectrum disorders. Clinical and imaging features, diagnostic criteria, treatment of acute exacerbations, chronic preventive therapy, and symptom management in NMO spectrum disorders are discussed.The rapid pace of research in NMO spectrum ...
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Pediatric Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders
Current Treatment Options in Neurology, 2018Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) are a group of inflammatory and demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system that can occur in children and adults. The classic presentation of NMOSD is characterized by optic neuritis and transverse myelitis, but other presentations are also recognized, expanding the disease as NMO spectrum ...
Grace Y, Gombolay, Tanuja, Chitnis
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Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders
Continuum, 2010Neuromyelitis optica is an uncommon inflammatory demyelinating CNS disorder that is distinct from multiple sclerosis with respect to clinical, laboratory, neuroimaging, and prognostic characteristics. Autoantibodies that target aquaporin-4 are highly specific for neuromyelitis optica and have helped define a spectrum of disease beyond the classic ...
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