Results 161 to 170 of about 2,309 (192)
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Absence of preproenkephalin increases the threshold for T cell activation
Journal of Neuroimmunology, 2003Certain forms of the neuroendocrine hormone preproenkephalin (PPNK) are produced by T cells, B cells and macrophages. This hormone has been shown to be important in regulating a variety of immune responses; however, the basic mechanisms of this regulation are unknown.
Sarah, Hook +3 more
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Cholinergic regulation of rat preproenkephalin RNA in the adrenal medulla
Molecular Brain Research, 1993Expression of the rat preproenkephalin (ppENK) gene involves transsynaptic cholinergic mechanisms. We evaluated the effects of cholinergic agonist treatments in vivo on the expression of adrenomedullary ppENK RNA. Cholinergic treatment with nicotinic + muscarinic receptor agonists resulted in a synergistic 100-fold rise in steady-state ppENK messenger ...
J D, DeCristofaro +2 more
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Effect of nicotine use and withdrawal on brain preproenkephalin A mRNA
Brain Research, 1998Although the effect of nicotine on brain neurotransmitters and behavior has been studied, the mechanism(s) by which nicotine contributes to tobacco use remains unclear. One transmitter that may relate to long-term nicotine use and its withdrawal is enkephalin, a five-amino acid opioid peptide derived from the proenkephalin A family.
A A, Houdi, R, Dasgupta, M S, Kindy
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Region-specific regulation of preproenkephalin mRNA in cultured astrocytes
Molecular Brain Research, 1991Regulation of preproenkephalin (PPE) mRNA was examined in astrocytes cultured from several regions of the neonatal rat brain. Astrocytes from these regions expressed differing levels of PPE mRNA, with higher levels in astrocytes from the hypothalamus followed by frontal cortex and striatum.
D K, Batter, J A, Kessler
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Journal of Neurochemistry, 1991 International audienceThe levels of mRNA encoding glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and preproenkephalin (PPE) were measured by Northern blot analysis, in the dorsal and the ventral part of the striatum, following long-term treatments with drugs acting ...
Philippe Vernier +2 more
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Preproenkephalin B-derived opioid peptides in human phaeochromocytomas
Acta Endocrinologica, 1987Abstract. We demonstrated the presence and the secretion in vivo and in vitro of immunoreactive preproenkephalin B-derived opioid peptides (α-neoendorphin, dynorphin and leumorphin) in human phaeochromocytomas. In senventeen human phaeochromocytomas and two human adrenal medullas, the tissue contents of immunoreactive preproenkephalin B-derived opioid ...
T, Yanase +3 more
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Preproenkephalin mRNA expression in the developing and adult rat brain
Molecular Brain Research, 1994[Met5]-Enkephalin is derived from the protein precursor, proenkephalin A, which in turn is encoded by the preproenkephalin (PPE) gene. [Met5]-Enkephalin is not only a putative neuromodulatory substance, but also serves as a growth factor (= opioid growth factor, OGF). OGF exerts an inhibitory influence on the developing nervous system and is especially
I S, Zagon, T, Isayama, P J, McLaughlin
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Striatal changes in preproenkephalin mRNA levels in parkinsonian monkeys
NeuroReport, 1994Levels of preproenkephalin (PPE) mRNA were measured in different sectors of the striatum with in situ hybridization histochemistry in both normal and parkinsonian (MPTP-treated) squirrel monkeys. In parkinsonian monkeys, a marked increase in PPE mRNA levels was noted in the dorsolateral third of the precommissural putamen and in most of the ...
M C, Asselin +3 more
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Glucocorticoid regulation of preproenkephalin gene expression in the rat forebrain
Molecular Brain Research, 1992The effects of glucocorticoids on the levels of preproenkephalin (PPE) mRNA in the rat forebrain were analyzed with in situ hybridization and dot blots. In adrenally-intact rats, high levels of PPE mRNA, as assessed by in situ hybridization, were localized in the caudate-putamen, nucleus accumbens, central amygdala, and ventrolateral ventromedial ...
R S, Ahima, M M, Garcia, R E, Harlan
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Preproenkephalin mRNA levels are regulated by acute stress and estrogen stimulation
Physiology & Behavior, 2000Enkephalins facilitate female reproductive behavior. Within the limbic system and hypothalamus, estrogen induced the expression of preproenkephalin (PPE) mRNA. Estrogen injection caused a biphasic increase in the PPE mRNA levels within the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus and posterodorsal medial amygdala.
K, Sinchak +4 more
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