Dilemmas of Civilian Participation in Military Deterrence and Defence: Legal and Ethical Dimensions
Global Policy, EarlyView.ABSTRACT How can civilians participate in deterrence and defence in ways that do not jeopardize their immunity from deliberate attack? The principle of civilian immunity from deliberate attack in war is a core element of contemporary international humanitarian law (IHL). Uniformed combatants and others who take up arms pose a threat may be liable to be
Neta C. Crawford
wiley +1 more source
THE MANUFACTURE AND WEAR OF RAILS. (INCLUDES PLATE AND APPENDIX). [PDF]
Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineersn ...
openaire +2 more sources
Story2Board: A Training‐Free Approach for Expressive Visual Storytelling
Computer Graphics Forum, EarlyView.Abstract We present Story2Board, a training‐free framework for expressive storyboard generation from natural language. Existing methods narrowly focus on subject identity, overlooking key aspects of visual storytelling such as spatial composition, background evolution, and narrative pacing.
D. Dinkevich +4 more
wiley +1 more source
Experimental and numerical modelling of wheel rail contact and wear [PDF]
, 2011 In the field of simulation of railroad vehicles, there are many numerical models to estimate the interaction forces between the wheel and rail. The main advantage of these models is that they can be used together with multi-body dynamics software to ...
A. Roda +9 more
core +1 more source
Wheel / Rail Wear and Noise Control of Rail Transit Vehicles Based on Wheel / Rail Lubrication
机车电传动, 2020 In view of the problem of wheel/ rail wear and noise of rail transit vehicles, a method of controlling wheel /rail friction coefficient was proposed. Through the analysis of the influence of wheel /rail lubrication on wheel /rail friction and noise, it ...
Wengen XUE +3 more
doaj
Severe rail wear detection with rail running band images
Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, 2023 Qihang Wang +5 more
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Disc machine testing to assess the life of surface-damaged railway track
, 2001 Wheel-rail contacts operate in an arduous and contaminated environment. Railway track running surfaces can become damaged either prior to or during operation.
Gao, N., Grieve, D.G., Dwyer-Joyce, R.S.
core +1 more source
The depth and breadth of capitalism at the Cape
The Economic History Review, EarlyView.Abstract Limited liability company legislation was introduced to the Cape Colony in 1861. An amendment in 1892 led to wider adoption, expanding and diversifying the capital market. Using novel data from the Cape Joint Stock Archive between 1892 and 1902, this paper examines who invested, where capital flowed, and how these patterns shaped firm outcomes
Edward Kerby, Lloyd Melusi Maphosa
wiley +1 more source
RESEARCH ON OPTIMIZATION OF HEAVY LOAD RAILWAY RAIL GRINDING PROFILE BASED ON ABRASION CONTROL
Jixie qiangdu, 2020 Wa-ri heavy load railway is taken as the research object in the paper,the rail profiles are observed before and after grinding. Based on the wheel/rail contact wear theory and the finite element model of high-speed wheel/rail steady rolling contact ...
YANG YiHang, LIU XueShen, LIU JiHua
doaj
Tribological and Physiochemical Properties of Greases for Rail Lubrication
Tribology Online, 2019 Rail lubrication is vital in determines the friction, wear and noise level in the wheel and rail contacts. In general, the primary function of a rail curve grease is to minimize friction between the contact as well as to protect side wear of rails on a ...
Izatul Hamimi Abdul Razak +2 more
doaj +1 more source