Results 131 to 140 of about 1,683,394 (322)

Detecting homologous recombination deficiency for breast cancer through integrative analysis of genomic data

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
This study develops a semi‐supervised classifier integrating multi‐genomic data (1404 training/5893 validation samples) to improve homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) detection in breast cancer. Our method demonstrates prognostic value and predicts chemotherapy/PARP inhibitor sensitivity in HRD+ tumours.
Rong Zhu, Katherine Eason, Suet‐Feung Chin, Paul A. W. Edwards, Raquel Manzano Garcia, Richard Moulange, Jia Wern Pan, Soo Hwang Teo, Sach Mukherjee, Maurizio Callari, Carlos Caldas, Stephen‐John Sammut, Oscar M. Rueda   +12 more
wiley   +1 more source

The limitations of randomized controlled trials in predicting effectiveness.

Journal of Evaluation In Clinical Practice, 2010
What kinds of evidence reliably support predictions of effectiveness for health and social care interventions? There is increasing reliance, not only for health care policy and practice but also for more general social and economic policy deliberation ...
Nancy Cartwright, E. Munro
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Ideal trials, target trials and actual randomized trials [PDF]

arXiv
Causal inference is the goal of randomized controlled trials and many observational studies. The first step in a formal approach to causal inference is to define the estimand of interest, and in both types of study this can be intuitively defined as the effect in an ideal trial: a hypothetical perfect randomized experiment (with representative sample ...
arxiv  

TRPM8 levels determine tumor vulnerability to channel agonists

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
TRPM8 is a Ca2+ permissive channel. Regardless of the amount of its transcript, high levels of TRPM8 protein mark different tumors, including prostate, breast, colorectal, and lung carcinomas. Targeting TRPM8 with channel agonists stimulates inward calcium currents followed by emptying of cytosolic Ca2+ stores in cancer cells.
Alessandro Alaimo, Francesco Giuseppe Carbone, Kristi Buzo, Nicole Annesi, Sacha Genovesi, Annalisa Lorenzato, Karen Widmann, Michela Libergoli, Elisa Marmocchi, Giovanni Bertalot, Alberto Brolese, Mauro Giulio Papotti, Luca Molinaro, Orazio Caffo, Mattia Barbareschi, Alberto Bardelli, Alessandro Romanel, Sabrina Arena, Andrea Lunardi   +18 more
wiley   +1 more source

Dynamic borrowing from historical controls via the synthetic prior with covariates in randomized clinical trials [PDF]

arXiv
Motivated by a rheumatoid arthritis clinical trial, we propose a new Bayesian method called SPx, standing for synthetic prior with covariates, to borrow information from historical trials to reduce the control group size in a new trial. The method involves a novel use of Bayesian model averaging to balance between multiple possible relationships ...
arxiv  

Hydrogen sulfide repairs testicular damage induced by heat stress in rats

FEBS Open Bio, EarlyView.
Heat stress can cause testicular damage and affect fertility. We investigated the potential protective role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) against heat stress‐induced testicular injury and observed that H2S donor NaHS can effectively restore testicular damage in rats by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress. Our results suggest that H2S might be used
Xinyu Guo, Yupeng Yin, Susu Guo, Xiaoyan Chen, Suyan Xie, Shiqin Chen, Yan Huang   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Combined modality treatment improves tumor control and overall survival in patients with early stage Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a systematic review

Haematologica, 2010
Combined modality treatment (CMT) of chemotherapy followed by localized radiotherapy is standard treatment for patients with early stage Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
Christine Herbst, Fareed A. Rehan, Corinne Brillant, Julia Bohlius, Nicole Skoetz, Holger Schulz, Ina Monsef, Lena Specht, Andreas Engert   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source

Establishment and biological characterization of radioresistant colorectal cancer cell lines

FEBS Open Bio, EarlyView.
Under ionizing radiation exposure, radiation‐sensitive cancer cells exhibit oxidative stress and DNA damage, while radiation‐resistant cancer cells exhibit strong antioxidant properties and DNA damage repair. Radiotherapy resistance is a major cause of recurrence and metastasis in colorectal cancer (CRC).
Tian‐Yin Qu, Qing Dai, Jing Leng, Lin Fang, Jing‐Jing Ma, Rui Chen, Che Chen, Peng‐Fei Ran, Wen‐Wen Zhou, Chang Liu, Huang‐Fei Yu   +10 more
wiley   +1 more source

A pharmacist-led follow-up program for patients with established coronary heart disease in North Norway – a randomized controlled trial

Pharmacy Practice, 2015
Objectives: The aim of the study was twofold; 1) to develop a clinical pharmacist-led 12 month lasting follow-up program for patients with established coronary heart disease (CHD) discharged from the University Hospital of North Norway, and 2) to explore
Garcia BH, Giverhaug T, Høgli JU, Skjold F, Småbrekke L   +4 more
doaj  

Robust integration of external control data in randomized trials [PDF]

arXiv
One approach for increasing the efficiency of randomized trials is the use of "external controls" -- individuals who received the control treatment studied in the trial during routine practice or in prior experimental studies. Existing external control methods, however, can be biased if the populations underlying the trial and the external control data
arxiv