Structure of the insulin receptor-insulin complex by single-particle cryo-EM analysis. [PDF]
Nature, 2018 The insulin receptor is a dimeric protein that has a crucial role in controlling glucose homeostasis, regulating lipid, protein and carbohydrate metabolism, and modulating brain neurotransmitter levels.
Scapin G +9 more
europepmc +2 more sources
Insulin receptor isoforms and insulin receptor/insulin-like growth factor receptor hybrids in physiology and disease. [PDF]
Endocrine Reviews, 2009 In mammals, the insulin receptor (IR) gene has acquired an additional exon, exon 11. This exon may be skipped in a developmental and tissue-specific manner. The IR, therefore, occurs in two isoforms (exon 11 minus IR-A and exon 11 plus IR-B). The most relevant functional difference between these two isoforms is the high affinity of IR-A for IGF-II.
A. Belfiore +4 more
semanticscholar +6 more sources
Interaction of Insulin Receptor Substrate 3 with Insulin Receptor, Insulin Receptor-related Receptor, Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Receptor, and Downstream Signaling Proteins* [PDF]
Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1999 Insulin receptor substrates (IRS) mediate biological actions of insulin, growth factors, and cytokines. All four mammalian IRS proteins contain pleckstrin homology (PH) and phosphotyrosine binding (PTB) domains at their N termini.
Pin Xu, A. R. Jacobs, Simeon I. Taylor
semanticscholar +4 more sources
The signalling conformation of the insulin receptor ectodomain
Nature Communications, 2018 The insulin receptor plays a key role in many physiological processes, yet how insulin effects receptor signaling at the structural level remains incomplete.
Felix Weis +10 more
doaj +2 more sources
Insulin receptor trafficking steers insulin action
Molecular Metabolism, 2016 In this issue, Boothe and colleagues analyze insulin receptor trafficking in pancreatic beta cells to unravel the trafficking route of insulin receptors and provide novel insights into the potentially different roles of insulin receptor splice variants [1].
Simone Hausmann, Siegfried Ussar
doaj +5 more sources
Rapid insulin-dependent endocytosis of the insulin receptor by caveolae in primary adipocytes. [PDF]
PLoS ONE, 2009 BACKGROUND:The insulin receptor is localized in caveolae and is dependent on caveolae or cholesterol for signaling in adipocytes. When stimulated with insulin, the receptor is internalized.
Siri Fagerholm +4 more
doaj +1 more source
Insulin receptor-inspired soluble insulin binder
European Journal of Cell Biology, 2023 The insulin receptor (IR) is a 320 kDa membrane receptor tyrosine kinase mediating the pleiotropic actions of insulin, leading to phosphorylation of several intracellular substrates including serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT1), and IR ...
Christopher Mendoza +6 more
doaj +1 more source
Insulin-Responsive Transcription Factors
Biomolecules, 2021 The hormone insulin executes its function via binding and activating of the insulin receptor, a receptor tyrosine kinase that is mainly expressed in skeletal muscle, adipocytes, liver, pancreatic β-cells, and in some areas of the central nervous system ...
Gerald Thiel +2 more
doaj +1 more source
Systematic evaluation of the metabolic to mitogenic potency ratio for B10-substituted insulin analogues. [PDF]
PLoS ONE, 2012 BACKGROUND: Insulin analogues comprising acidic amino acid substitutions at position B10 have previously been shown to display increased mitogenic potencies compared to human insulin and the underlying molecular mechanisms have been subject to much ...
Tine Glendorf +7 more
doaj +1 more source
Metabolites as regulators of insulin sensitivity and metabolism
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 2018 Barbara B Kahn
exaly +2 more sources